VI CONTENTS. 



4 



Chap. Papre 



104. Varicose veins 88 



1 05. The gait, the feet, the legs 89 



106. Hoofs ib. 



107. The feet of birds _ .. 90 



108. The feet of animals, from those having two feet to those with a 



hundred. — Dwarfs 91 



109. The sexual parts. — Hermaphrodites ib. 



110. The testes. — The three classes of eunuchs 92 



111. The tails of animals ib. 



112. The different voices of animals 93 



113. Superfluous limbs 95 



114. Signs of vitality and of the moral disposition of man, from the 



limbs 96 



115. Eespiration and nutriment 97 



116. Animals which when fed upon poison do not die, and the flesh 



of which is poisonous 98 



117. Reasons for indigestion. Remedies for crudity ib. 



118. From what causes corpulence arises; how it may be reduced .. ib. 



119. What things, by merely tasting of them, allay hunger and thirst 99 



BOOK XII. 



THE NATURAL HISTORY OF TBEES. 



1. The honourable place occupied by trees in the system of nature 101 



2. The early history of trees 102 



3. Exotic trees. When the plane-tree first appeared in Italy, and 



whence it came ." 103 



4. The nature of the plane-tree 104 



5. Remarkable facts connected with the plane-tree ib. 



6. The chamseplatanus. Who was the first to clip green shrubs . . 106 



7. How the citron is planted ib. 



8. The trees of India 107 



9. When ebony was first seen at Rome. The various kinds of ebony 1 09 



10. The Indian thorn ib. 



11. The Indian fig .. ib. 



12. Thepala: the fruit called ariena 110 



13. Indian trees, the names of which are unknown. Indian trees 



which bear flax Ill 



14. The pepper-tree. — The various kinds of pepper — bregma — zin- 



giber^ or zimpirebi ib. 



15. Caryophyllon, lycion, and the Chironian pyxacanthus ., .. 113 



16. Macir 114 



17. Sugar ., ib. 



18. Trees of Ariana, Gedrosia, and Hyrcania 115 



19. Trees of Bactriana, bdellium, or brochon, otherwise malacha, or 



maldacon, scordastum. Adulterations used in all spices and 



aromatics ; the various tests of them and their respective values ib. 



20. Trees of Persis 117 



21. Trees of the islands of the Persian Sea. The cotton tree. . . . ib. 



