8$ plint's natueal histoey. [Book XI. 



CHAP. 98. (43.) DIFFERENCES OF THE MEMBEES OF MAX FE0M 



THOSE OF OTHEE ANIMALS. 



Of all the terrestrial animals, man is the only biped : he is 

 also the only one that has a throat, and shoulders, or " hu- 

 meri," parts in other animals known by the name of " armi." 

 Man, too, is the only animal that has the " ulna," or elbow. 

 Those animals which are provided with hands, have flesh 

 only on the interior of them, the outer part consisting of sinews 

 and skin. 



CHAP. 99. THE FINGEES, THE AEMS. 



Some persons have six fingers on the hands, "We read that 

 C. Horatius, a man of patrician rank, had two daughters, who 

 for this reason had the name of " Sedigitae ;" and we find 

 mention made of Volcatius Sedigitus, 34 as a famous poet. 

 The fingers of man have three joints, the thumb only two, 

 it bending in an opposite direction to all the other fingers. 

 Viewed by itself, the movement of the thumb has a sidelong 

 direction, and it is much thicker than the rest of the fingers. 

 The little finger is equal in length to the thumb, and two others 

 are also equal in length, the middle finger being the longest 

 of all. Those quadrupeds which live by rapine have five toes 

 on the fore feet, and four on the hinder ones. The lion, the 

 wolf, and the dog, with some few others, have five claws 

 on the hind feet, one of which hangs down near the joint of the 

 leg. The other animals, also, which are of smaller size, have 

 five toes. The two arms are not always equal in length : it 

 is a well-known fact, that, in the school of gladiators belong- 

 ing to Caius Caesar, 35 the Thracian Studiosus had the right 

 arm longer than the left. Some animals also use their fore- 

 paws to perform the duties of hands, and employ them in 

 conveying food to the mouth as they sit, the squirrel, for in- 

 stance. 



CHAP. 100. (44.) EESEMBLAXCE OF THE APE TO MAX. 



As to the various kinds of apes, they offer a perfect resem- 



54 He wrote a poem, in which, the principal Latin dramatists are enume- 

 rated, in the order of merit. A. Gellius, B. xv. c. 24, has preserved a por- 

 tion of it. 



35 Germanicus. 



