OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 109 



the wild oat (Arena fatiKi), lias not hccn limitfil in its raii^o to tlio 

 western side of the Sierra Nevada, hut is found through much of tho 

 inteiior, from New Mexico to "Washiufrton Territory. On Guadalupo 

 it is found everywhere, and is more abundant tliau any other plant. 

 Another species of the same genus (E. moschatiim), provided with the 

 same contrivances for securing the dissemination and planting of its 

 numerous seeds, occurs less frequently both here and in California; 

 probably because, reipiiriiig more moisture, it is unable to maintain 

 itself where the other will Hourish. Another instance is the OUgoineris 

 suhulata of India, Egypt, and the Canary Islands, found also in South- 

 ern California, and common eastward ihrougli the valleys of the Fvower 

 Colorado and of the Gila to the Rio Grande, and in Northern Mtfxico. 

 It is difficult to account for the wide spread of this plant, if of recent 

 introduction, through a region so desert and sparsely iidial)iteil. 



Besides these twelve species placed in the first group, there are two 

 others, also found in California, which are considered identical with 

 South American forms {Specularia hiftora and AmhJyopappm pasiUns), 

 possibly introduced from Chili or Peru, perhaps indigenous to both 

 regions. Their presence on Guadalupe would perhaps rather favor 

 the belief that they are native to our western coast, especially as five 

 other South American species, or forms of them, occur in the Guada- 

 lupe flora {Tillcea minima, Gilia pusilla, Plantago Patagonica, Parie- 

 taria debilis, and JliMcnbergia debilis), which are more or less frequent 

 in California and eastward in the centre of the continent, and are gen- 

 erally admitted to be native. 



There are, therefore, 97 pha^nogamous plants which may be considered 

 as indigenous. Of these, nine have a very extended range upon the 

 mainland;* one (Parietaria debilis) from Southern California across 

 the continent ; all the rest common throughout California, and ranging 

 eastward to the Atlantic States. Two of these (Galium Aparine and 

 Junciis btij'unius) are also European, and two (Plantago Patagonica 

 and Parietaria debilis) are found widely distributed through South 

 America. 



Far the largest group, as already stated, includes those species, 49 

 in number, which are common over a large i')art of the State of Cali- 

 fornia. Many of these extend northward as far as Oregon or Wash- 

 ington Territory, or eastward through the Great Basin to the Rocky 



* Sisi/mbrium canescens ; Silene antirrhina ; Daucus piisillus; Galium Aparine; 

 Dodficathcon Meadia ; Linaria Canadensis; Plantago Palaijonica ; Parietaria 

 debilis; Juncus bufouius. 



