MABERY. — COMPOSITION OF PETROLEUM. 261 



acid its specific gravity was reduced 0.7591. 28 grms. of the crude 

 distillate gave 13 grms. of the purified oil with a loss of 53 per cent. The 

 purified oil gave by the actioa of fuming nitric acid a nitro-derivative 

 that, after crystallization from glacial acetic acid, melted at 85°. The 

 melting point of dinitromesityleae is 86°. A combustion of the puri- 

 fied distillate gave values for carbon and hydrogen required for 

 nononaphtene : — 



0.1382 grm. of the oil gave 0.4318 grm. CO^ and 0.1827 grm. H2O. 



Calculated for CgHig. Found. 



C 85.70 85.21 



H 14.30 14.68 



Xylols. 



Since para- and meta- xylols have frequently been found in petroleum, 

 it did not seem advisable to separate the isomeric xylols, althouo-h the 

 distillates 137°-140° gave the strong penetrating odor of these bodies. 

 At the end of the thirteenth distillation, 630 grms. collected within these 

 limits. On treating 125 grms. of this product with a mixture of nitric 

 and sulphuric acids, and agitating below 60°, washing with sodic 

 hydrate and water, drying and distilling, only 50 grms. came over 

 below 145°, showing that the xylols formed 60 per cent of the original 

 distillates and had been removed as nitro-products. At the low tem- 

 perature of the nitration only the aromatic hydrocarbons could have 

 been affected. The change in composition by the nitration is shown 

 by the following analyses: — 



0.1469 grm. of the unpurified oil gave 0.4770 grm. CO., and 0.1495 

 grm. H2O. 



C 

 H 



Analysis of the purified distillate gave the following results on 

 analysis : — 



I. 0.1382 grm. of the oil gave 0.4318 grm. CO., and 0.1827 grm. 



H2O. 

 II. 0.1386 grm. of the oil gave 0.4318 grm. CO^ and 0.1837 grm. 



H„0. 

 III. 0.1441 grm. of the oil gave 0.4492 grm. COo and 0.1901 grm. ILO. 



