24 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



plane to conical, and the pappus-palea; are not costate ; all the species 

 are floccose-lanate, and all are restricted to one phyto-geographical 

 region. Moreover, the involucral bracts (as had been remarked in the 

 Botany of California, and is now confirmed in all the species) become 

 carinate-concave at their centre, or where narrow (as in Eriophyllum 

 stcechadifoUum) wholly concave around the subtended ray-akenes, just 

 in the manner of Actinolepis, where it was pointed out by Nuttall and 

 by Bentham. It is thus seen that Eriophyllum should include Antino- 

 lepis, DC, yet not Piilomeris, Nutt. And Bahia equally includes 

 Achjropappus, HBK., to the great relief of the genus Schkuhria, 

 which may thus resume its natural proportions and character. A 

 survey of the species will show that while a costa to the pappus-paleae, 

 or some equivalent basal thickening, is characteristic of Bahia, the 

 extent of its development and even its emergence at the apex are of 

 no consequence. In Bahia ? nepetcefolia, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 

 184, which Schultz has identified with B. sinuata, Less., the larger 

 palea? are costate-thickened to the apex, but some of the short ones 

 not perceptibly so even at their base. In both these genera, as in 

 other HeleniecB, the pappus is occasionally obsolete or wanting. It is 

 uniformly wanting in B. chrysanthemoides, which I wrongly referred 

 to Villanova, and was followed by Bentham. But Villanova has broad 

 and triangular or triquetrous or obcompressed as well as calvous 

 akenes, the truncate apex with small areola, the lateral angles in the 

 ray commonly margined, sometimes tuberculate-thickened. Under 

 these views the three genera of Lagasca, and the older Schkuhria of 

 Roth, become definite, intelligible, and natural. The species, as thus 

 rearranged, are as follows.* 



* ERIOPHYLLUxM, Lag. 

 Neither at Madrid nor in Boissier's licrbarium could I obtain any informa- 

 tion as to Lagasca's two species of this genus, which in all probability is equiva- 

 lent to Nuttall's Tricho}ihi/lhiin, published two or three years later. But his 

 E. stcEchadlfvUum is fairly well made out. Even E. trolliifoUum, though not iden- 

 tified, may be of the genus, for one or two of the following species sometimes 

 have purple or rose-colored ray-flowers. Our species are these : — 



§ 1. Actinolepis. — Aciinolrpis, DC, Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 399, excl. 

 Ptilonicris. All annuals and low. 



» Heads sessile or nearly so in the forks of the at length much-branched stems 

 or at the summit of the branches, where they are glomerate or leaf-subtended, 

 2 lines high, yellow-flowered : receptacle flat or barely convex : anther-tips 

 ovate-lanceolate, obtuse : leaves spatulate, commonly 3-lobed or toothed at 

 the summit. 

 E. MULTiCAULE. — Actinolcpis multicaulis, DC; Ilook. let. 325; Torr. Bot. 



