insect fauna of human excrement 557 



Cynipid.-e. 

 Kleidotoma bakcri Ashm. 

 Ilexaplasta sp. 



Solenaspis hyalinipennis Ashm. 

 Psilodora erythropa Ashm. 



. Apid^. 



Apis mellifica L. (accidental). 

 Bombus pennsylvanicus Oliv. (accidental), 

 Halictus disparilis Cr. (accidental). 



Lepidoptera. 

 Papilionid^. 

 Papilio troilus (accidental). 



DETAILS CONCERNING THE EXCREMENT FLIES STUDIED. 



In the following pages will be found a consideration of each 

 species of fly captured or reared in the course of this work. 

 They are arranged according to families in the systematic 

 order followed in catalogues and monographic works on the 

 order Diptera. A brief consideration of the habits of each 

 family is given, and under the first species in each genus is 

 presented a short statement of genus habits. Under each 

 species is given, also briefly, some account of previous knowl- 

 edge, and this is followed by a full record of the observations 

 which have been made upon it in the course of this excrement 

 fauna study. 



No specific study of this nature seems to have been made 

 previously. Some of the species treated here will be found 

 mentioned in Megnin's important work, ' La Faune des Cada- 

 vres,' and in Dr. M. G. Motter's important paper entitled 'A 

 Contribution to the Study of the Fauna of the Grave ' (Journal 

 of the New York Entomological Society, Vol. VI, No. 4, pp. 

 201 to 231, 1898). Very careful studies of some of them have 

 also been made by the Russian investigator, Professor J. Por- 

 chinski (usually spelled Po7'tschtnski) in his paper entitled 

 ' Comparative Biology of the Necrophagous and Coprophagous 

 Larvae' (1885), known to the writer only through Baron Osten 

 Sacken's paper entitled ' On Mr. Portschinski's Publications on 



Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., December 1900. 



