A THEATRICAL PERFORM ANCK AT WALI'I 625 



tied them to the necks of the serpent eOigies. One or more 

 prayer sticks' were also made to be used at the springs. 



The exercises at the springs, Tawapa and Monwiva, were 

 not witnessed by me in 1900, but they were probably the same 

 as described in the account of this episode in 1893 {op. cit.) 

 On that year, about 7 130 p. m., a procession went down to the 

 spring carrying the effigies and trumpets by which the roars of 

 the serpent are imitated. This procession was led by a man 

 personating Hahaiwuqti and the kiva chief, *' making a con- 

 necting trail from the south edge of the basin (Tawapa), along 

 the east and north sides of the pool, and up as close to the west 

 edge as the mud would permit. Those following with the ser- 

 pent effigies, beginning at the east side of the pool, laid the 

 effigies down close to the edge of the water, along the north 

 side. The youths placed their gourd trumpets on the meal trail, 

 upon which also were the serpent effigies. All then sat on the 

 north side facing the south. The leader as he went down de- 

 posited the ^TQ pahos * * * at the west side of the pool, setting 

 them in a row fronting the east. 



" The leader of the procession bore the kopitcoki cedar bark 

 slow match. * * * It had been lighted at the kiva fire before the 

 procession started, and, the fire was smouldering in the bark. 

 Momi (kiva chief) lit a pipe by this torch and gave it to the 

 leader, who made the usual response, smoked a few puffs and 

 passed it to the next man on his right. Momi then lit another 

 pipe and passed it also to the leader and the two pipes passed 

 down the two lines, in which they had arranged themselves 

 when sitting, the elder in front, next the pool, the youths behind 

 them. After all had smoked the leader prayed and each of the 

 nine elders followed in succession. The ten youths did not 

 pray, but each took his trumpet (gourd), and stepping one stride 

 into the pool, stooped over, and placing the bulbous end to his 

 mouth with the small orifice on the surface of the water, trum- 

 peted three or four times. Each of the youths then dipped up 

 a little water in his trumpet and poured it into a vase. 



" The effigy bearers then dipped the tip of the serpents' heads 



1 Siva pahos were made in the 1893 performance. One was tied to the back- 

 bone of each eflSgy. Five others were deposited at the spring, some at the edge 

 of the water, others beneath it. 



