LICHENS OF SANTA CRUZ PENINSULA 355 



many cleft, plane or convex ; becoming crowded centrally, 

 somewhat ascendant and complicate ; ends of lobes often termi- 

 nating in white soredia ; surface smooth, becoming tuberculate ; 

 color var3'ing from greenish pearl-gray to slate-color or green ; 

 beneath dull black or dusky, much wrinkled ; naked ; lobes 

 sometimes edged with chestnut. Apothecia more or less cup- 

 shaped ; margin crenulate ; disk chestnut. 



This lichen occurs very sparingly throughout our range ; 

 most abundant on old fences and trees at slight elevations. 

 Lichen fhysodcs L. Sp. PI. 2: 1144. i753- 

 Pai-viclia fhysodes Ach. Melh. Lich. 250. 1803. 



8. PARMELIA ENTEROMORPHA Acharius. 



Thallus suborbiculate, soon becoming large, expanded, and 

 indeterminate ; deeply cleft, loosely attached to the substratum ; 

 lobes very numerous, more or less inflated, elongated, lax or 

 pendulous, irregularly divided ; usually narrow but occurring 

 in all shapes from linear or terete to broad and flat, these last 

 usually short and marginally imbricate ; surface smooth and 

 convex, or more rarely wrinkled, sometimes papillate ; often 

 densely sprinkled with black specks, the spermogonia ; color 

 green, but var3dng from gray to dingy brownish or even dusky ; 

 beneath black or dark brown, wrinkled, without fibrils ; more 

 or less beset with holes in the lower cortex. Apothecia usually 

 abundant, medium to large ; sub-pedicellate, top-shaped and 

 cup-like, becoming plane or even convex, when the margin 

 disappears ; margin entire, crenulate, or lobulate ; disk chest- 

 nut ; often perforate. 



On trees, shrubs, and fences. 



Very abundant along the summit of the range and extending 

 down in the foothills almost to sea-level. Especially fine on 

 Sequoia sempcj'virens and Pscudotsuga taxi/olia, being a char- 

 acteristic lichen of the red-wood forest, growing very rapidly 

 and all the year round. The summer fogs supply it with enough 

 moisture for growth during the dry season and the dense forests 

 protect it from injury by frost during the rainy season. 



In the foregoing description the arrangement of Bitter (Hed- 

 wigia, 1901) has been followed, including under one head 



