198 Memot'ial of George Bi'cnvn Goode. 



to utilize the occasion to give museum lessons to multitudes to whom 

 museums are not accessible. 



2. Those expositions which have been most successful from an educa- 

 tional standpoint have been the ones which have most fully availed them- 

 selves of museum methods, notably the lyondon Exhibition of 1851 and 

 the Paris Exposition of 1889. 



3. Special or limited exhibitions have a relatively greater educational 

 value, owing to the fact that it is possible in these to apply more fully 

 the methods of the museum. The four expositions held in L,ondon in 

 the last decade — fisheries, health, inventions, and colonial — are good 

 illustrations. 



4. The annual exhibitions of the academies of art are allied to the 

 exposition rather than to the museum. 



5. Many so-called "museums" are really "permanent exhibitions," 

 and many a great collection of pictures can only be suitably designated 

 by the name "picture gallery." 



E. — TEMPORARY MUSEUMS. 



I. There are many exhibitions which are administered in accordance 

 with museum principles, and which are really temporary museums. To 

 this class belong the best of the loan exhibitions, and also special exhibits 

 made by public institutions, like the Luther " Memorial Exhibition" of 

 1894, the material for which was derived chiefly from the library of the 

 British Museum, and similar exhibitions subsequently held under the 

 same auspices. 



F. — MUSEUM METHODS IN OTHER INSTITUTIONS — "MUSEUM 



EXTENSION." 



1. The Zoological Park, the Botanical Garden, and the Aquarium are 

 essentially museums, and the principles of museum administration are 

 entirely applicable to them. 



2. An herbarium in its usual form corresponds to the study series in a 

 museum, and is capable of expansion to the full scope of the general 

 museum. 



3. Certain churches and ecclesiastical edifices as well as antiquities in 

 place, when they have been pronounced "public monuments," are sub- 

 ject to the principles of museum administration. 



4. Many cities, like Rome, Naples, Milan, and Florence, by reason of 

 the number of buildings, architectural features, sculpture, and other 

 objects in the streets and squares, together with the historical houses 

 duly labeled by tablets, have become practically great museums and these 

 various objects are administered much in the manner of museums. 

 Indeed, the number of "public monuments" in Italy is so great that the 

 whole country might properly be described as a museum of art and his- 



