380 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897. 



throughout the southwestern United States. The pipe on its outer sur- 

 face is covered by peculiar protuberances, not unlike large coffee grains 

 set on edge, as though the clay in its plastic condition had been pinched 

 up by the thumb and forefinger. A pipe having similar coffee like 

 grains upon its surface is in the collection of Mr. Andrew E. Douglass, 

 of New York, and is said to have been found 6 feet below the surface of 

 a bird shaped mound in Eastman, Crawford County, Wisconsin. The 

 latter specimen, however, is of the rectangular type, with an unusually 

 large bowl, the ])ottery of which is a mixture of clay and shell. 



There are a number of pipes of the Pueblo type in the collection of 

 the University of Pennsylvania, which were found in the ruins of the 

 cliff" d\yellers of the Mancos Canyon in Colorado, one of which, 3^ inches 

 long, has a wooden bowl with a separate stem, made apparently of 

 catlinite; yet another, with slightly shorter tube, has a catlinite bowl 

 with a bone stem. The stems of each are held in place by the gum 

 of the grease wood {Sarcohatus). There is also in the same collection a 

 short, hard-burned pottery tube of this type, 

 said to be from ancient Mexico, upon the sur- 

 face of which there is a rudely modeled head 

 of a duck, the eye being pierced through. 

 The stem of this latter pipe has been formed 

 by leaving a stalk of grass running through 

 p.,^ ^j the clay into the bowl, so that in burning, 



PUEBLO POTTERY PIPE. ^ho woody fibcr disappears, leaving a clear 



Northern New Mexico. channel ffiv the smokc to pass through, which 



Cat. No. 9S093 u.s N.M Toiiected i.y jg ^ fcaturc commou to pipes of the Southwest. 



J. i\l. Shields. -*■ -*- 



During the summer of 1897, Dr. Fewkes, at 

 Four Mile Euin, near Fort Apache, in Arizona, found a number of 

 pipes of the cigarette type, one of which is made from a stalagmite. 

 The specimens from this ruin do not appear, however, to be so ancient 

 as those from Sikyatki. The writer has seen a photograph of a stone 

 pipe excavated from an ancient grave on the "N. H." ranch, in New 

 Mexico, collected by tlie Rev. Dr. Niess, of an elongated conical shape, 

 very similar to the pipes from the coast of California, upon which are 

 four longitudinal color stripes corresponding to the cardinal quarters. 

 This pipe is about 8 inches long and similar to that represented on 

 the Palenque tablet, and in the Manuscript Troano. The only other 

 pipe having artificial color which has come under the writer's notice is 

 a hard-burned pottery specimen from the cliff ruin of Mancos, Colorado, 

 in the collection of the University of Pennsylvania, the bowl of which 

 has been broken, the interior being smeared with some white color, 

 probably connected with ancient burial customs. The University of 

 Pennsylvania also possesses a number of bowls of tubular pipes, some 

 made of shale and others of slate, the steins of which were evidently 

 held by means of some foreign substance, as was the case with the 

 pipes from California; and there are indications that in the middle 

 Atlantic Coast States the same method of attaching the stem was 



