396 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897. 



manufacture. A close iuspectiou developed the fact, however, that 

 the cavity was a natural formation, which had contained a cephalopod, 

 a species of cystoceras. The circular cavity shows a succession of 

 wavy parallel striae, which have every appearance of being made with 

 a drill, which, however it would be impossible to give with any primi- 

 tive implement, and it may well be doubted whether it could be done 



Fig. 37. 



WOOD AND STONE PIPE. 



Hupa Reservation. 



U. S. National Museum. CoUeiteil by Lieut. P. H. Ray. 



with the most improved modern tools. While the bowl has the conoidal 

 shape common to tubular pipes, one side is flat, while the other is 

 rounded. It has a length of 2^ inches with a width of If inches, and 

 is much harder than stone from which pipes are usually made. Around 

 the flat side of this tube, where it apparently is attached to a base, a 

 slight groove has been evidently artificially made to enhance the 

 appearance; a most excellent illustration of the Indian's attraction to 

 unusual shapes in natural objects. 



The native American, however, does not appear to be alone iu smok- 

 ing straight tubular pipes, for Flinders, iu the early part of the century, 



is quoted as referring to a tribe of Papuans 

 puffing smoke through tubes.' 



The natives of Sankum River, Africa, in 

 about 5° south latitude, are said to use bone 

 pipes, made from the metatarsal bones of 

 deer,2 similar to those referred to in this 

 paper of Kiowa and Comanche origin. 



It has been commonly supposed that to 

 make a stone pipe required weeks if not 

 months of j)atient labor. The writer has, 

 however, demonstrated that with primitive 

 tools, picking, grinding, and drilling, almost 

 any pipe, such as those which have been used by American Indians, 

 could be completed in less than three days' work aud the more ordinary 

 ones in a few hours. Instances of the discovery of conical tubes in 

 different States and Territories could be multiplied were it necessary, 

 but it is believed a sufficient number of illustrations have been given 

 to Impart a fair idea of the type. There appears no room to doubt 



i'ig. 38. 



CONCEETION STONE. 



Morgantown, West Virginia. 



Collected by Dr. Walter H'>ui;li. 



' J. W. Dawson, Fossil Men, p. 196, Montreal, 1880. 

 2 Robert T. Pritcliett, Ye Smokiana, 1890. 



