422 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897. 



say also that the Comauclies were extravagantly fond of tobacco in 

 1852.' 



The Rev. Pere Morice says of the "Tsilkohtines ties Rochers," the 

 Denes of the western Rocky Mountains in British Columbia, that their 

 "pipe is of serpentine or other stone and is common to both sexes, for 

 it must be remembered that among the savages the women are invet- 

 erate smokers."' 



The Abanaqui of Maine, who are of Algonquin stock, still smoke 

 the outer bark of the red osier {Salix purpurea), the bark of the 

 j)ine tree, and both leaf and bark of the squaw bush ( Vacciniu^n strom- 

 eiiium), and mix the musk of the muskrat with the tobacco to give it a 

 flavor. 



Du Pratz refers to " a bank in which there were veins of white 

 earth. The clay was unctuous and fine, from which I have seen very 

 liretty pottery made. In the same banks ocher is found, which the 

 Natchez come to get to smear their pottery with. This pottery was 

 very pretty. When so smeared with ocher it became red after being 

 cooked."^ 



Some of the purest clay pipes found are from the Lower Mississippi. 

 In the far North, Alexander Mackenzie, in 1789, made the Slave or Dog 

 Rib Indians smoke, "though it was evident they did not know the use 

 of tobacco."^ 



The natives of the lower part of the Mackenzie River saw the first 

 whites in 1788. These were probably from tlie ships commanded by 

 Captain Cook."^ 



Franklin calls attention to the fact that as late as 1827 the natives 

 of Herschell Island, at the mouth of the Mackenzie, "used tobacco, 

 and some of our visitors had smoked it, but thought the flavor very 

 disagreeable."" He thought they had obtained it of the Russian 

 traders. 



The shape of the Eskimo pipe, as well as the diminutive size of its 

 bowl, forcibly suggests that it is an iniportation into America from the 

 continent of Asia, brought there likely by the Japanese whom the 

 Russians appear to have brought to the continent. 



Near Icy Cape, in latitude 70° 43", longitude 159° 46' west, in 1826, 

 Beechy says he found tobacco the most merchantable article, though 

 "one of the natives who came alongside in a caiak, having obtained 



' Randolph B. Marcy and George B. McClellan, Exploration of the Red River of 

 Louisiana, ji. 102, Washington, 1853. 



'Cbez Les Sauvaj;e.s aiix Pays de I'Durs noir de la Colombe Britanuique, yi. 37, 

 I'aris, 1897. 



■'Le Page Du Pratz, Histoire De La Lonisianne, I. p. 124, Paris, 1758. 



^Alexander Mackenzie, Voyage from Montreal Through tho Continent of North 

 America, p. 31. 



'"Idem, p. 320. 



'^.Johu Franklin, Narrative of the Second Expedition to the Polar Sea, p. 118, Phila- 

 delphia, 1828. 



