42 G 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MU8EUM, 1897. 



Fig. 49. 



STONE URN-SHAPED BOWL. 



Cuuiberland County, 

 Tennessee. 



Cat. No. 20129, U.S.N. M. Col- 

 lected by Lorenzo A. Stratton. 



shape to many of tbe eartbeuwaie pots of the natives. Pipes of this 

 type vary both in size and exterior form, probably as much as do those 

 of any type found on the continent. Some appear 

 to have been made from natural Water-washed peb- 

 bles from the streams, and are without any evidence 

 of artificial finish other than that of bowl and stem 

 holes at right angles to each other; others are elab- 

 orate imitations of nearly the shape of Greek vases, 

 having at times elaborate figures carved upon their 

 surfaces. The stem holes are usually simple per- 

 forations made to intersect the wall of the bowl at 

 its base, though at times upon the surface of the 

 bowl the stem hole is in a slight shoulder project- 

 iug from the bowl as though for ornament, but it 

 may well be intended to furnish a better socket for 

 a stem, these being probably tnuch more recent pro- 

 ductions than those of simpler form. 



Fig. 50, from Bloomfield, New York, collected by 

 Gol. E. Jewett, is made from serpentine, and is 2i 

 inches long; in outline it is similar to the elongated tubular pipes so 

 widely distributed throughout the United States. In this instance, 

 however, the stem is at right angles to the bowl, the exterior surface 

 is smoothed almost to a polish, though the interior 

 shows the process of enlargement by gouging, so com- 

 monly noticed in tubular pipes. At the base of this 

 bowl there is a diagonally bored hole, which perfo- 

 rated the specimen, coming out at the end of tlie cone. 

 This hole is intended evidently for the attachment of 

 a string, as is the case with so many of the pipes found 

 in countries where deep snows lie. The edges of the 

 bowl and also of the base of this conoidal specimen 

 are notched, the bowl with twenty, and the base with 

 eight incisions. A knife blade, however, tits exactly 

 from one notch across to another, both at top and bot- 

 tom, which would indicate that they were intended 

 rather as ornamentation than as scores, such as were 

 at times kept upon the handles of tomahawks and 

 l)ipe stems. There are upon the surface of this pipe 

 some finely scratched lines, which, owing to erosion 

 or weathering, are so nearly obliterated as to prevent 

 tracing them with exactness, though they appear orig- 

 inally to have been pictographic. There is a pij^e of 

 this type in the Smithsonian collection upon which 

 the only visible work of human hands consists of a 

 small hole bored through the shell of a hollow concretion. It has, bow- 

 ever, in all probability been employed as a pipe, as it is badly cracked 

 from heat. 



Fig. 50. 



STONE BOWL WITH 

 THONa HOLE. 



Bloomfield, New York. 



Cat. No. 6198, U.S.N. M. Col- 

 lected by E. Jewell. 



