AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 427 



A similar coucretion (Cat. No. 13G978, U.S.N.M.) was found in a 

 mound in Mason County, West Virginia, by Mr. R. W. Mercer, which 

 is 4 inches high with a width of 2^ inches, yelh)w in color, the stem 

 being a hole one-eighth of an inch in diameter, broken through the 

 shell midway of the natural bowl cavity. 



As demonstrating that this type of pipe was used quite recently, 

 reference may be made to a specimen which was found in Haldeman's 

 shell heap, near Baiubridge, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, in Con 

 roy Township, on the Susquehanna Kiver, close to 

 two trade pipes of English make. 



Rev. W. M. Beauchamp refers to a bowl pipe from 

 Madison County, New York, having two stem holes, 

 and Prof. G. IT. Perkins illustrates another from near 

 Swan ton, Vermont.' 



Schoolcraft illustrates one of these bowl pipes, 

 which is said to come from an ancient aboriginal 

 grave in Michigan at Sault Ste. Marie, upon which a 

 lizard has been carved in relief, with legs spread out 

 to assist in climbing the bowl, above which the head 

 extends on the far side from the stem, facing the 

 smoker, the tail being continued under the bowl. 

 The whole is skillfully executed.- 



A pipe in every way answering the description of 

 the one referred to by Schoolcraft, and probably 

 identical with it, is in the collection of Mr. A. E. 

 Douglass, of New York. 



A large specimen of what appears to be intended for a pipe of this 

 type (fig. 51) is composed of quite a hard, imperfectly crystallized 

 quartzite. It was found in Franklin County, Indiana, and was col- 

 lected by Dr. R. Haymond. It is 4;^ inches long, with a greatest 

 diameter of 2i inches. There is upon the lower part of this barrel- 

 shaped object an incipient stem. The exterior surface is comj)leted and 

 ground evenly, though not finely, except at the top and bottom of the 

 bowl, which yet remains rough, as left by the hammer marks. On top 

 of the bowl there is a slight depression begun by pecking, as though 

 intended lor the iecej)tion of the drill point. Though unfinished, this 

 specimen is of more than passing interest, showing as it does the 

 process of manufacture of objects of hard stone. 



Fig. 52 is a light green serpentine bowl from Accotink, Virginia, col- 

 lected by Mr. J. D. Lucas. It is 3i inches high, with a greatest diam- 

 eter of If inches, of cylindrical cross section. The bowl is 2 inches 

 deep and five-eighths of an inch in diameter at the surface, having 

 been drilled with a solid point and not subsequently enlarged, as is the 



Fig. 51. 



UNFINISHED PIPE. 



Franklin County, In- 

 diana. 



Cat. No. 11934, U.S.N.M. Col- 

 lected by R. Haymond. 



'The Calumet in the Champlain Valley, The Popular Science Monthly, December, 

 1893, p. 240. 



'North American Indian Tribes, Pt. 4, p. 141. 



