47G - REPORT OF National museum, i897. 



high. The bowl of tins pipe is 1^ inches in exterior diameter. Though 

 the stem is 7 inches long to its i^oint of junction with the bowl, it 

 does not exceed three eighths of an inch in its greatest diameter. The 

 creature on the bowl appears to be intended to represent a bird, 

 though, whatever it be, it is inclined to the left and has incised lines 

 on the back as though intended to represent wings. On the breast 

 there are marks in one i)lace, apparently made by a file, and on the 

 bowl similar marks are seen. The individual making the pipe has 

 failed to obliterate the tool marks in smoothing the surface, which in 

 this instance has an unusually good polish. Without the figure the 

 pipe is in outline similar to the briarwood pipes of the present day. 

 The material is steatite such as has been worked by the natives along 

 the whole Atlantic coast. This pipe was found near Bainbridge dur- 

 ing the excavation of the Pennsylvania Canal. A similar pipe, but 

 an inch shorter, belonging to the Hon. W. J. Almon, of Halifax, is 

 spoken of by Mr. Harry Piers as being the most remarkable one found 

 in the Provinces. It was discovered in 1870 under an upturned copper 

 kettle within 10 rods of an old French trail in Hants County, Ontario. 

 It is said to have a well-carved lizard grasping the bowl, while "across 

 the back of the neck appears a row of five elliptical cavities, their 

 greatest length being in the direction of the body." ' 



The material of which these pipes in the north are made is described 

 as a fine-grained stone, probably a steatite, the elliptical depressions on 

 which call to mind cavities noticeable among the stone and clay pipes 

 of the St. Lawrence River and northwestern New York, such as are 

 supposed to have been employed by the Iroquoian tribes. 



There is a cast in the U. S. National Museum collection of a pipe of 

 this type (Cat. No. 13804), having the same long stem, which is said to 

 have been found in a mound in Warren County, Ohio, collected bj' 

 Mr. J. H. Jenkins, and upon which an animal faces the smoker from the 

 far side of the bowl, as in those pipes of similar type herein figured. 



The Kev. William M. Beauchamp calls the writer's attention to a clay 

 pipe of this general type, though much smaller, which was found in Jef- 

 ferson County, New York, upon the bowl of which there was repre- 

 sented a crayfish with one claw broken off, though such a pipe would 

 appear to belong rather to tiie Iroquoian type. Mr. Beauchamp also ' 

 states that turtles are often represented in the same way, as are many 

 animals and birds on pipes of the Iroquoian type. 



Mr. David Boyle illustrates a pipe of white stone, which was found 

 on Baptiste Lake, Hastings County, Ontario, upon the outer side of 

 which the animal holds the bowl in the grasp of its four legs, while its 

 tail reaches down the bowl and under it and along the stem - in the 

 direction of its longest axis. 



' Relics of the stone age in Nova Scotia, Transactions of the Nova Scotian Insti- 

 tute of Natural Science, IX, p. 54. 

 '■'Notes on Primitive Man in Ontario, p. 52, fig. 121, Toronto, 1895. 



