482 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1S97. 



for the Carriers, but even the very act of smoking was unknown to them 

 prior to those dates. As a consequence, pipes of any material or form 

 are an adventitious item amongst them. Bowl and stem are connected 

 by a chain of dentahum shells alternating with colored glass beads. A 

 pipe similar in form, but without the string of beads and shells, was 

 also in use among the Shushwap Indians, the southern neighbors of 

 the western Denes, as ajjpears from a sketch in Dawson's notes on the 

 Shushwap Indians proper of British Columbia." ^ 



This author asserts that "both the Tse Kehne and the Carriers are 

 positive tobacco was unknown to their ancestors previous to their 

 encounter with Sir Alexander McKenzie."^ 

 A pipe of this character from the Shushwap people of British Colum- 

 bia, between the Fraser River and Thompson River, 

 is described by Dr. George M. Dawson.' 



An ornamented pipe (fig. 104) of this type from Fort 

 Niagara, New York, collected by Col. E. Jewett, is 3 

 inches high, the bowl having an exterior greatest diam- 

 eter of If inches. The base is wedge shaped, between 

 which and the bowl there is a narrow neck or shoulder 

 cut iu octagon. The stone is a black slate, probably 

 the black pipestoneof Lake Huron, to which Professor 

 Wilson referred. The bowl is ornamented with per- 

 pendicular and circular parallel lines in panels, the 

 base having small depressions around three of its sides 

 and two straight lines crossing each other which have 

 been incised with a steel tool apparently. A pipe 

 through the base of which are two holes, one above 

 the other, is referred to by Piers, " the bowl and keel of 

 which are most tastefully ornamented with single and 

 double straight lines, dots, very short diagonal dashes, 

 and conventional branches of foliage, all arranged in 

 neat design, which entitle the carver to much credit for his excellent 

 work." * 



The same author refers to another specimen of the Micmac pipe, 

 " the base of which is cut into three lobes, each of which has a small 

 perforation through it, probably for the j)urpose of attaching some orna- 

 ment." This pipe was found near the river Dennis, Cape Breton. Yet 

 another, though more finely finished, was found at Dartmouth iu 1870, 

 with only one hole through the keel, and a similar one made of red 



'Father A. G. Morice, Notes on Western D^n^s, Transactions of the Canadian 

 Institute; session 1892-93, p. 36. 



2 Idem, p. 36. 



=* George M. Dawson, Notes on the Shushwap People of British Columbia, Trans- 

 actions Royal Society of Canada, 1891, p. 12. 



••Harry Piers, Relics of the Stone Age in Nova Scotia, Transactions -N-ova Scotiau 

 Institute of Natural Science, 1894-95, IX, p. 57. 



Fig. 104. 



ORNAMENTED MICMAC 

 PIPE. 



Fort Niagara, New 

 York. 



Cat. No. 6196, U.S.N.M. 

 Collected by E. Jewett. 



