484 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897, 



aud articles pertaining to his office." ' The Blackfoot pipes " are often 

 ball or pear sliape, a foot in length. The stem is of wood, broad, flat, 

 or round — at times like a snake. The handsomest are the great medi- 

 cine pipes. The tobacco they smoke consists of the little round dry 

 leaves of the bearberry {arctostaphylos nva-ursi), called by them Kock- 

 sinn."^ Hind illustrates several of these pipes, selected from his own 

 collection, that are from the Cree, Blackfeet, and Chipewayau tribes.^ 

 Schoolcraft also illustrates the same pipe as Chipewayau.^ 



There is in the collection of the U. S. National Museum a cast of a 

 pipe of this type said to be from Putnam County, Ohio (Cat. No. 58169), 

 which represents in its bowl the head of an individual, apparently a 

 European, which is i^robably of quite a recent period. 



A pipe from Oriskany, JS^ew York, collected 

 by Col. E. Jewett, 2| inches high, made from a 

 gray steatite, appears to be rather a crude eifort 

 to represent the head aud beak of a bird, and is 

 shown iu fig. 105. The bowl and stem are with- 

 out ornament, excepting five small dots in a row, 

 one above the other, extending along a facet be- 

 tween the bird's beak aud the top of the stem. 

 A hole in the base for the string is scarcely more 

 than one-sixteenth of an inch iu diameter, the 

 cavity of the bowl being seven-eighths of an inch 

 in diameter, the sides of the interior of the bowl 

 being parallel, a common but not invariable fea- 

 ture iu pipes of this type. 



By far the most ornate specimen of a i)ipe of 

 this type yet described is one (fig. 106) in the col- 

 lection of Mr. E. A, Douglass, which is 3^ inches 

 high and 1^ inches wide and made from a close- 

 grained dark brown stone. On its baseare circles and lines iu ornamental 

 order which would answer the description of the Micmac pipe described 

 by Mr. Piers; but there is a further ornamentation which adds greatly to 

 its interest. Surrounding the bowl are four animals, carved practically 

 in the round, which are apparently intended to have a totemic signifi- 

 cance. Standing on the narrow keel base, with his back to the stem, is 

 a bear, his two hind feet on the stem, while with his fore paws he 

 appears to be reaching up as though endeavoring to get into the bowl; 

 the end of his muzzle is even with the upper edge. Facing the bear, 

 on the other end of the bowl, with its tail touching the stem, also erect 

 and clasping the bowl with all four legs, is another animal, apparently 



1 William W. AVarren, Miuuesota Historical Collections, V, p. 68. 

 - Maximilian von Weid, Reise iu tlas innere Norcl Amerika I, p. 570, ])late XLViil, 

 Coblenz, 1839. 

 ■'A Narrative of the Canadian Red River Exploring Expedition of 1857, II, p. 140. j 

 ♦North American Indian Tribes, Pt. 2, plate 70, fig. 7. 



Fig. ]05. 



bird's head micmac pipe. 



Oriskauy, New York. 



Cat. No. 6sl9, U.S.N.M. Collected by 



