486 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897. 



The specimen being highly polished would, indicate a probable modern 

 origin. The bowl and stem both have thin walls and the nnusually 

 large apertnre of the stem is the only departure observable from type 

 characteristics. 



This type, it will be observed, extends practically from the Atlantic 

 to the Pacific, through the territories of Athabascan, Iro(iuoian, and 

 Algonquin linguistic stocks, and so commonly 

 shows file marks and high jiolish as to suggest 

 the white man's presence, for it is scarcely neces- 

 sary to say the file could not be acquired from 

 native sources, and high polish of implements is 

 almost unknown through the center of the Amer- 

 ican continent among tools of purely aboriginal 

 make until the Indians possessed a supply of the 

 white man's implements. This type is undoubt- 

 edly an old one, and some of the specimens bear 

 evidence of being made with primitive tools, 

 though the territory through which they are dis- 

 tributed is that of the Hudson Bay Fur Trading 

 Company, and very likely is of a type sold by them 

 to the Indians. The dates on these pipes add inter- 

 est to them beyond a mere record of their i)ossession 

 by the whites at a given 

 period. The file mark 

 may be the only evidence of its having sup- 

 planted the gritty stone in the Indian's hand, 

 and the polish only indicative of a natural 

 advance over the primitive ground surface. 



Mr. Beauchamp has called the writer's at- 

 tention to a i^eculiar pipe, made from black 

 steatite, found in Onondaga County, New 

 York, the bowl of which is shaped like a 

 man's head, the eyes "inlaid with hollow 

 bone," the type of face being European. The 

 stem hole is at right angles to the bowl, but 

 is smaller than is the case with the Micmac 

 pipe; a projection below the bowl may be in- 

 tended as a handle to hold it by when hot. 

 A somewhat similar outline is noted in a pipe 

 made of steatite, and found in 1844,' illustrated by Schoolcraft, said to 

 be from the Grave Creek Mound in Virginia. 



A fair specimen of these pipes is one (fig. 108) from a mound in 

 London County, Tennessee, collected by Mr. J. W. Emmert, which has 

 this projecting base extending below the bowl, the stone being a 

 greenish serpentine or steatite, on the surface of which the flle marks 



Fig. 107. 



CATLINITE PIPE. 



Kentucky. 



Cat. No. 16690, U.S.N.M. Collected 

 by J. Peters. 



108. 

 PIPE WITH HANDLE. 



LoiuIdu County, Tennessee. 



Cat. No. 116067, U.S.N.M. Collected by 

 J. W. Emmert. 



'North American Indian Tribes, Pt. 1, p. 75, plate 8, fig. 4. 



