AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 495 



found in the Mohawk Valley. Serpent bowls are said by Rev. W. M. 

 Beau«;hauip to be frequent, and he says the Oneidas were foud of owl's 

 heads, and that sometimes an animal's head was placed above a man's. 

 J\Ir. E. H. Squier illustrates a day pipe from 

 Jefl'erson County, New York, apparently be- 

 longing to this class, around the bowl of which 

 two snakes are wrapped iu graceful folds, 

 though they do not cross each other. At 

 times there is noted in their bowls a graceful 

 barrel-shaped enlargement, similar iu general 

 characteristics to some ol the early E 

 trade pipes. The 

 same enlarge- 

 ment of the bowl 

 is also noted 

 commonly in the 

 vase- shaped 

 bowls of i)ipes 

 intended to be 

 smoked without 

 stems. The flar- 

 ing bowls are frequently found at Montreal. Mr. Beauchamp calls 

 attention to quite a remarkable clay pipe found in Onondaga County, 

 New York, upon the bowl and stem of which there 

 yet remain fourteen human faces; the stem of this 

 is partly broken off. There are indications that the 

 faces originally extended to the end of the stem. 

 Mr. Beauchamp has furnished the writer sketches 

 of pipes that are in his i^ossessiou from 

 both Cayuga and Onondaga counties, 

 New York, Avhich are strikingly graceful 

 as works of art, especially those rex)re- 

 senting birds' heads, one of which appears 

 to be a wild pigeon (fig. 114). Another 



Fig. 114. 



IROQUOIAN POTTERY PIGEON PIPE. 



Cayuga County, New York. 



Collectioa of W. M. Beauchamp. 



Fig. 115. 

 IROQIOIAN POTTERY CROW PIPE. 



Onondaga County, New York. 



Collection of A. E. Douglass. 



(fig. 115) represents the bowl of the pipe as a pouch of a bird whose 

 double beak reaches quite as far above the bowl as the bowl itself 

 is deep. This pii)e differs materially from those found iu the Etowah 



