AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 531 



Fig. 142. 



DOUBLE CONICAL PIPE. 



Louisiana. 



Cat. No. 8642, U.S.N. M. Collected by D. Swift. 



sixteenths of an inch, two simihir depressions being on the front of 

 the pipe. 



Another rectangnlar, double conical pipe (fig. 142), found in a mound 

 in Louisiana, collected by Brig. Gen. D. Swift, United States Army, is of 

 soft white sandstone, about 3 inches long, w'ith an equal height, and a 

 width of 2 inches. It is, however, 

 badly broken and worn, and though 

 upon one side there is a scroll-work 

 design which extends around the 

 front, upon the other side the erosion 

 of time has eaten away all signs of or- 

 namentation. The sigmoidal curves 

 are gracefully executed, and though 

 the stem is slightly deeper than is 

 the bowl, each has been bored by 

 means of broad-pointed drills, pre- 

 serving the biconical characteristic 

 of the type. There are two bands 

 around this bowl — one plain and the 

 other gracefully curved, with semicurved lines from the interior edge 

 of the bowl to the plain band, which gives the appearance of a rope 

 encircling the upper edge of the bowl. 



This type is apparently, the same, in fig. 143, from southeastern Mis- 

 souri, collected by Mr. F. S. Earle, which is slightly larger than the 

 last figure and is made of a compact, fine-grained sandstone. The 



decoration of this pipe, the shape 

 of bowl and stem — in fact, the 

 entire pipe — are suggestive of a 

 knowledge of pottery. The base 

 is massive in proportion to the size 

 of the rest of the pipe, and is sug- 

 gestive of similar characteristics 

 in pipes of this class. The stem 

 shows a somewhat greater elonga- 

 tion than does the bowl, though 

 the biconical bowl and stem are 

 little changed. Six crosses sur- 

 round the bowl, which are of so 

 pronounced a Greek type as to 

 suggest the white man's presence; 

 and although many archteologists 

 instance supposed pre-Columbian occurrences of the cross, it must be 

 suggested that the occurrence of several crosses together raise more 

 strongly the suspicion of the presence of the European than would a 

 single cross, especially throughout the territory where Spanish and 

 French influences were first felt. The pioneers of these regions were 

 often members of religious orders, whom all early accounts record were 



Fig. 143. 

 DOUBLE CONICAL PIPE. 



Southeastern Missouri. 



Cat. No. 72134, U.S.N.M. Collected by F. S. E.irlr 



