AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 539 



Fi-. 158. 

 BICONICAL ANIMAL PIPE. 



Hot Springs, Arkansas. 



Cat. No. 88173, U.S.^f.M. Collected by L. H. Thing. 



circle is cut into the stone, probably intended as an ornament. Unfor- 

 tunately, weathering has destroyed a part of the face. The general 

 treatment of this tigure gives it a resemblance to certain carvings 

 found in Mexico. 



A quartzite figure having a human head (fig. 159), from a flat-toj) 

 mound near Clarendon, Monroe 

 County, Arkansas, collected by 

 Mr. C. W. Morris, though much 

 larger than the jireceding speci- 

 mens, being 7 inches long, with 

 bowl and stem opening each of a 

 diameter of 1| inches, retains 

 characteristically the biconical 

 type. The material from which 

 this is made is most unusual, for 

 perforated quartzite objects are 

 extremely rare among aboriginal 

 implements, though examples are 

 not unknown. In boring this 

 bowl it is most singular that sev- 

 eral small i)erforatious have first been made and subsequently broken 

 into one — a common practice in working stone among European stone- 

 cutters, but, it is imagined, unique among Indian implements. On the 



left side of the back are a number 

 of incised wavy parallel lines, while 

 over the left ear is a disk-like orna- 

 mental object. Eyes, nose, mouth, 

 and fingers have been first pecked 

 into shape and subsequently 

 ground. The face is broad and 

 scarcely superior to the work ob- 

 served upon sculptures from the 

 Easter Islands, though it is by no 

 means the face of an Indian. 



In fig. 160 is seen very similar 

 treatment to the preceding figure. 

 This pipe was found in a mound at 

 Kingston, Tennessee, and was col- 

 lected by Mr. J. W. Dunning. It 

 is but 5 inches long, with a height 

 of 6 inches. The face is typically 

 Indian. The man is represented as 

 crouching on his knees, his left hand lying on the left knee. There 

 is on the head a hat or other covering, while from under it falls on 

 either side a pendant representing the hair. This hat or head gear 

 looks suspiciously like the capote or bonnet of the French voyageur. 



Fig. 159. 



BICONICAL STONE FIGURE PIPE. 



Monroe County, Arkansas. 



Cat. No. 7164S, L'.S.N.M. Collected by C. W. Norrie 



