AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 541 



the first time the large pipes cut iu stone iii the form of human figures 

 have been found associated with skeletons. This is an important dis- 

 covery, as heretofore such pipes have only been known from surface 

 finds, although they have been attributed 

 to the people who made the mounds." ^ 



IDOL PIPES. 



Fig. 163, made of soapstone, is quite com- 

 plex, and is one of the most interesting of 

 American ty])es found. It is from a mound 

 in Kichmond County, Georgia, collected by 

 Prof. Cyrus Thomas. It was found close to 

 the tire bed of Hollywood Mound and not 

 many inches from a copper ax. In about 

 the same layer were also found bits of 

 china and iron nails, sufficiently strong evi- 

 dence, one Avould supi^ose, to prove the con- 

 temporaneous presence of whites and In- 

 dians. This pipe belongs to what Mr. 

 Charles C. Jones designates as "the idol 

 pipes, which are attributed to tlie men who 

 threw up those large mounds which tower 

 along the banks of the Etowah Kiver, al- 

 ways associated, as far as we know, with large pentagonal and quad- 

 rangular mounds."^ 



It should be observed that two of the three pipes here figured of 

 persons holding bowls have their stems much smaller than are those 



of the biconical i)ipes, and the one 

 from the Etowah Mound made of 

 l>ottery has a stem of the same ty])e 

 as the rectangular pottery pii)es from 

 Georgia. 



Fig. 1G4: was found in association 

 in the mound in Monroe County with 

 fig. 159, and is 4i inches long and 4 

 inches high, with a width of 23 

 inches, and is made from an imper 

 fectlj^ crystallized quartz, the arms 

 and hands clasping the vessel consti- 

 tuting the bowl of the pipe. The 

 head is an extremely rude carving, 

 treated in a most primitive manner, 

 the eyes being mere circular incisions cut on a flattened disk by means 

 of a pointed toolj the nose is represented by two spots drilled slightly 



Fig. 163. 

 IDOL PIPE. 



Hollywood Mound, Georgia. 



Cat. No. 135216, U.S.N. M. Collecleil by 

 Cyrus Thoni.'is. 



Fig. 164. 

 IDf)I, PIPE. 



Monrof County, Arkansas. 



Cat. N... -1(149, tl.S.N.M. CollecteJ bv C. W. Norrls. 



' F. W. Putnam, Peabotly Museum Report, III, p. 500. 



^ Antiquities of the Southern Indians, p. 402, New York, 1873. 



