AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 579 



Fig. 178. 



CATLINITE PIPE. 



Dakota. 



C.Ht. No. 4266'.t, U.S.N. M. Collected by C. L. Febige; 



the Douglass collection there stauds a bear lacing" the smoker, a pecul- 

 iarity of which is that the bear's eyes are made of two white beads let 

 into the stone, and evidences apparently the survival on the specimen 

 of a practice noticed among i)ipes of the mound types. 



Fig. 177 is a dull red stone pipe from Fort Bufonl, North Dakota, 

 collected by Mr. James P. Kimball. It is 3^ inches long and 3 inches 

 high, stem and bowl openings 

 each being five eighths of an 

 inch in diameter, the pii)e hav- 

 ing been cut out by means of a 

 sharp blade, the facets left by 

 the tool remaining distinct. 

 The base is flat, the rest of the 

 stem being cylindrical. The 

 prolongation of the stem is flat- 

 tened beyond the base of the 

 bowl, its end having been 

 broken off. This jiipe is evi- 

 dently quite modern, as evi- 

 denced by the crust of tobacco 

 yet remaining in the bowl, the walls of which are about half an inch 

 thick. The type is distinctly Siouan, though the stem is shorter than 

 are usually those of Sioux pipes. The material is an indurated clay, 

 possibly catlinite, though of a darker color, which may be owing to the 

 stone being saturated with oil or grease. 

 A highly polished catlinite pipe (fig. 178) from Dakota, collected by 



Gen. G. L. Febiger, United 

 States Army, represents a 

 man facing the smoker, the 

 bowl being bored through the 

 head and body. It is about 

 4J inches long Math a height 

 of 2.^ inches. Though the 

 position of the figure is not an 

 easy one it is carved entirely 

 in the round with unusual 

 artistic feeling, the legs being 

 drawn up slightly on the stem 

 with the hands and arms ex- 

 tended along the legs and 

 knees. It is of quite modern form, and there is yet wrapped around the 

 neck a coil of fine brass wire, which in contrast to the cherry red of the 

 stone gives a very i:>leasing effect. The lobes of the ears are bored 

 evidently for the purpose of decorating them with pendants. 



Fig. 179, deposited by the U. S. War Department, is a i)ipe of black 

 serpentine, captured by the army in conflict with the Indians of the 



Fig. 179. 



SIOUX PIPE. 



Upper Missouri River. 



Cat. No. 2594, U.S.N. M. Collected by U. S. War Department. 



