AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 001 



Fig. 203. 



ANGDLAU PIPE. 



Cit. No. 17'.>31, U.S.N.II. 

 Collecle.I 1)V .T. -W. Powell. 



the walls of tlie stein mny be oiie-eiiilitli of an inch, the diniensions of 

 the pipe being approximately 1 inch in height, length, and breadth. 

 Its characteristics would appear to indicate a recent period, Major 

 Powell having obtained it from natives still using it. 



Fig. 204 is of similar type to the preceding figure and is from south- 

 ern Utah. It was collected by Maj. J. W. Powell. 

 Though larger than the last, being about 3 inches 

 high and made from a translucent green stone, 

 the walls of the bowl are as delicate and as thin 

 as fine china, the pipes being evidently intended 

 to be smoked with wood, reed, or bone stems. 

 Though these pipes are evidently of Indian origin 

 and finished Avith unusual skill their form appears 

 to the writer to be due to white influences, as the 

 pipes themselves are quite modern, though there 

 has been no effort to polish them. 



Among the many pipes of the U. S. I^ational 

 Museum and in other great collections there are 

 occasionally encountered specimens which it is 



difficult to classify, owing to some peculiarity of material or of treat- 

 ment, though the occurrence is so rare as to argue in favor of the cor- 

 rectness of the unity of given types, esi^ecially when they are found 

 to occur with scarcely an exception in contiguous geographical areas. 

 It may be due in a measure to the fact of other pipes of a distinctive char- 

 acter not having yet been discovered in sufficient quantities to enable 

 the type to be well recognized, or it may well be and 

 probably is to a great extent due to the fancy of their 

 makers desiring to vary a prevailing type, or they 

 were made by white people for sale to the Indians. 

 That pipes of a given area should on occasion be 

 found far from their natural home should not be sur- 

 prising, when it is considered how great were the 

 distances traveled at times by the Indians on hunting 

 or war parties. Smith, in 1608, found articles of 

 Eurojjean manufacture in possession of the Susque- 

 hannocks, at the head of Chesapeake Bay, which had 

 probably been obtained from the French on the St. 

 Lawrence; and the French, in descending the Mis- 

 sissippi, found the natives in possession of objects 

 which had found their way over the mountains from 

 the English along the seaboard, and heard from the 

 natives also of the Spanish in the Southwest. The resemblance of 

 natural objects of stone or wood to animal forms may possibly account 

 for certain pipes having unusual shapes. 



Fig. 205, from Chautauqua County, New York, collected by Mr. O. 

 Edson, is quite a remarkable example of concretion of serpentine some- 



Fig. 204. 



ANGULAE PIPE. 



Southern Utah. 

 Oat. No. 14335, U.S.N.M. 

 Collected by J. W. Powell. 



