604 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897. 



Fio;. 207. 



CHEROKEE STONE PIPE. 



Bradley County, Tennessee. 



Cat. Nn. 1.11619, U.S.N.M. Collected by J. P. Ro<; 



ical clumges in tliesoil of at least five linndred years had not disturbed 

 it in the least." 



Colonel Young thinks that, in Kentucky, pipes of stone antedate 

 and are more numerous than clay pipes, the typical shapes of which 

 are of animals, now and then birds, paroquettes being more numerous 

 than other birds. Among the minerals employed in pipe manufac- 

 ture he mentions oolitic limestone, 

 gray limestone, bastard granite, slate, 

 and frequently catlinite. Figures, he 

 says, not always, but generally, face 

 the smoker. The stems were of clay 

 and also of reed. One pipe from Rich- 

 mond, Madison County, Kentucky, 

 was made from coral. In western 

 Kentucky, on the Kentucky and 

 Cumberland rivers, clay was always 

 used, but pottery pipes are rare after 

 passing Barren River, going east. 

 Mr. Gates P. Thruston illustrates a type fiipe from the stone graves 

 of Tennessee, which is closely allied to these pipes, the bowls of which 

 are clasped in a person's arms; the peculiarity of one is that the 

 head of the figure is attached to the pipe bowl and in front of it, 

 the arms being represented with the open hands pressing against 

 the breast; the legs are drawn up the bowl, projecting from the back.^ 

 A fine-grained, small, calcareous brownstone pipe from Howard 

 County, Missouri (fig. 206), collected 



by Mr. C. T. Turner, is only 2 inches --::::::':::— — .. 



long, has a square stem, and is a 

 well-finished little specimen. On 

 the side of the bowl away from the 

 smoker a quaint human face has 

 been cut by incisions to represent 

 face, eyes, and nose, and from the 

 top of the incision forming the face 

 a number of gracefully curved lines 

 arise, as though intended to rei^re- 

 scnt plumes. While the bowl appears 

 unique, its stem would indicate that 

 it belonged to the Cherokee type. 



One of the most artistically symmetrical stone pipes of the U. S. 

 Kational Museum collection (fig. 207) is from Bradley County, Tennessee, 

 collected by Mr. J. P. Rogan, and is 3 inches long. The man's face is 

 well executed, facing from the smoker, and appears to represent an 

 Indian, upon whose face there are five gashes on the left cheek, as though 

 intended to represent paint marks. The ear stands well out, and at the 



Fig. 208. 



CHEKOKEE POTTERY PIPE. 



ce B. Moore. Certain aboriginal im 



(.eorgia coast. 



'Antiquities of Tennessee, p. 180, fig. 80. 



