AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 613 



Fi-. 220. 



SOUTHERN MOUND PIPE. 



Monroe County, Tennessee. 



I'at. No. 115550, U.S.N. M. 



are substantially made, and tlieir surfaces are carefully ground, this 

 specimen being 3 inclies long. 



Fig. 221 is a dark green chlorite pipe collected by Mr. J. W. Emmert 

 in Loudon County, Tennessee. It retains the type characteristics of 

 tongue and band, and in addition there is a disk 

 carved in relief on the base of the bowl, which is 

 almost convint'ing that it is in imitation of a copper 

 or other metal original, as the embo.ssed disks on many 

 of these pipes are identical with hammered metal, 

 which is not unlike very similar fig- 

 ures observed on sheet copper found 

 in mounds by Mr. Clarence E. Moore 

 on the St. Johns Eiver, Florida.' 

 In the Douglass collection there are 

 a number of pipes of 

 this type, one of which 

 has an eye-like figure 

 cut into the bowl. Thej' are nmde of steatite, one of 

 which, 14 inches long, was found in Sevier County, 

 Tennessee. This type is also found 

 in the Etowah Mound, Bartow 

 County, Georgia, and other speci- 

 mens in the U. S. National Museum 

 have been found in other parts of 

 these States and in South Caro- 

 lina. On the last pipe figured the 

 tile mark appears again in evidence. 

 The embossed circles vary in number from two to ten or more, and 

 the specimens of this type from the Lenoir burial place in North Caro- 

 lina and those from Loudon County, Tennessee, leave little room to 



doubt that both come from 

 the same quarry. 



Fig. 222 is a chloiite pipe 

 from Toco Mound, Monroe 

 County, Tennessee, col- 

 lected by Mr. J. W. Em- 

 mert. It is 5 inches long 

 and 1| inches high, and 

 has six of the embossed 

 disks upon the bowl. The 

 usual band on the stem, 

 however, is absent; nor are there on this specimen any file marks dis- 

 tinguishable. 



Fig. 223 is a heavy, large-bowled, dark green pipe of steatite from 

 Ashe County, North Carolina, which was collected by Mr. W. C. 



Fig. 221. 



SOUTHERN JIOUND PIPE. 



Loudon County, Tennessee. 



Cat. No. 1 1 6009, U.S.N.M. Collected by J. W. Emmert. 



Fig. 222. 

 SOUTHERN MOUND PIPE. 



Monroe County, Tennessee. 



C.-it. No. 115552, U.S.N.M. Collected by J. W. 



' Clarence B. Moore, Certain Sand Mounds on St. Johns River, Florida, pp. 140, 141. 



