634 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897. 



diverse that little study has been given them, nor has reference been 

 made particularly to the walrus-ivory etched pipes made for sale to the 

 tourist and not for practical use. 



The Eskimo pipe in type api)ears to have derived its form from the 

 Jai)anese pipe and to have been introduced from Jai)an, from whose 

 l)eople the Eskimo seem to have adopted the smoking habit, or else 

 this pipe may have been introduced from Kamchatka, whose people 

 may have adopted smoking from the Japanese. 



The modern Pueblo i)i[)e is of a distinct type, resembling both in the 

 character of its pottery and in the size of its stem opening the Irociuoian 

 l^ipe. 



The form called the Delaware ])ipe appears to be of totemic char- 

 acter, is carved witli considerable skill, and impresses one as being 

 of recent origin and made with modern metal tools. 



Along a great part of the Atlantic coast a class of pi])es is found 

 usually made of chlorite and worked with exquisite skill. Their long 

 stems, bored with holes often 8 or even more inches in length, indi- 

 cate that those using them were ratlier of sedentary than of- nomadic 

 character. This perfection of boring would also suggest rather a metal 

 than a more primitive drill. A pipe of this character is at times 

 encountered in the shell heaps of the Middle .Vtlantic coast, upon which 

 characteristic linear Indian etching is observed. 



There are found in graves and mounds in the Carolinas, in Georgia, 

 and in Tennessee pipes of somewliat like character made of a green 

 chlorite with embossed disks upon their bowls, and tongues both in 

 relief and in intaglio, that show as great conventionality as any 

 pipes found in America, and which would indicate in color and design 

 hammered-inetal prototypes. Specimens presenting similar character- 

 istics are found made of pottery. These last, again, grade into elabo- 

 rate and highly conventionalized pottery man and bird forms, which 

 present certain art characteristics observed in pipes found in part of 

 the Iro(punan area of the Xorth, though there is sufficient distinctness 

 between the two to enable one to be distinguished from the other. A 

 single molded pottery pipe found in or near the Etowah mound has 

 the tobacco leaf artistically arranged on bowl and stem, and a modern 

 Dutch pipe from Guda, Holland, has the same tobacco leaves, with the 

 addition of a bird's beak, identical in concept with pipes from the 

 Etowah mound, evidencing a relationship which appears traceable 

 through the Huguenots who went to Holland, migrated to French 

 Acadia, and who, after the acquisition of the territory by the English, 

 refused to take the oath of allegiance and were in great numbers 

 transi)orted to the South. 



Specimens of catlinite made in tubular shape do not appear to have 

 been found, and where specimens of other types than the Siouan, in 

 whose territory the (juarry is located, are found made of catlinite, it 

 tends to raise the question whether they are not comparatively mod- 



