636 EEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897. 



directly east and west; tliey make slabs wliicli tliey place in tlie bottom 

 and at each side, then lay the corpse with the head to the east and put 

 a broad slab over the top; then fill the grave nearly full of stones, 

 heaping the earth which they dug out of it on tlie top." ' 



Tlie Indians encountered by the French were probably all nomads 

 or wanderers, seldom remaining more than a few weeks in one place. 

 It was said in Le Jeune's Kelation, as late as 1G34, "that we shall work a 

 great deal and advance very little if we don't make these barbarians 

 stationary. As for persuading them to till the soil of their own accord 

 without being helped, I very much doubt whether we shall be able to 

 attain this for a very long time, for they know nothing whatever about 

 it." 2 



A reference of 1G36 in Le Jeune's Eelation to the head covering is of 

 some interest as possibly throwing light on the period of certain x)ipes 

 representing natives' hats or hoods, as follows: ''These people go bare- 

 headed except in the most severe cold, and even then some of them go 

 uncovered, wbich makes me think that very few of tbem used hats 

 before their intercourse with our Europeans. Nor do they know how 

 to make tbem, buying them already made, or at least cut, from our 

 French people." ■' 



Mr. David Boyle, of Toronto, has referred to a brass tomahawk pipe 

 in the George E. Laidlaw collection, on deposit in the Ontario Archfeo- 

 Jogical Museum, which is "elaborately chased and otherwise decorated." 

 The bit is of steel neatly dovetailed into the brass, but not soldered.^ 



The illustration of this specimen is of the type of fig. 85, the chasing 

 being of the character of that on the specimen in the museum of the 

 University of Pennsylvania from CaUfornia, and its symmetry is as 

 perfect as any of the pipe axes of the English. It was found near 

 Balsam Lake. 



McCulloh refers to an Indian of western Pennsylvania about 1750, 

 named Ket tooh'ha-lend, who "sunk his pipe-tomahawk" into the head 

 of another. ■' This would probably be the metal tomahawk, which 

 would make it somewhat an older instrument than the writer had here- 

 tofore found references to support. 



Mr. Boyle has recently described a number of pipes, ))Oth of pottery 

 and of stone, that are now in the Ontario Archa'ological Museum, 

 belonging to the Iroquoian type. Some of the pottery specimens 



'Archibald Loudon, A Selection of the Most Interesting Narratives of Ontrages 

 Committed by the Indians in their Wars with the Whitfi PcopTe, I, p. B50, Carlisle, 

 1808. 



^Le Jenne's Relation, .lesnit Ivelations and Allied Documents, edited ))y Reuben 

 Gold Thwaite, VI, p. 149. 



•ndem, VII, p. 11. 



''Tenth Annual Report of the Ontario Aichn'ological Museum, 1897-1808, p. 31, 

 fig. 40, Toronto, 1898. 



"^ Archibald Loudon, Narratives of Outrages, etc., I, p. 329. 





