ARROWPOINTS, SPEARHEADS, AND KNIVES. 



893 



N^ 



yimn 



hffl 





'r\ 



Dr. Eau says of this class : 



Some are broad iu iiroportiou to tlitir length, others are very slender. The mode 



of appliration of these variously shaped iniplenieuts is doubtful in 



most cases, but some aid iu judging of the use of certain leaf-shaped 



blades is afibrded by the fact that similar ones have been seen shafted 



or handled in actual emphiyment among modern 



Indian tribes. It is difficult to draw a line ol 



drniarcation l;etween rude and leaf-shaped im- 



l)lenients, considering that the foruusr very often 



approach thclcaf form, not only in North America, 



but also in other quarters of the globe where 



man had to employ stone in I'ashiijuing his tools 



au<l weapons. 



This last remark of Dr. liaii is certainly "^^ 



true as regards the leaf-shaped implement 

 of the Solutreen or Cavern jjeriod of the 

 Paleolithic age, but lias slight application 

 to those of the Chelh-en epoch or Allu- 

 vial period. The ditierence is quite ap- 

 parent to any person who has any ac- 

 quaintance with the latter imi^lements. 

 The confusion between the two kinds of 

 implements arises, usually or frequently, 

 among those who depend upon cuts and 

 illustrations for theii- knowledge rather 

 than on an acquaintance with the real 

 objects. Their error is caused by the 

 illustration usually being of only the flat 

 side without any edge view. The two 

 classes of implements may have a resem- 

 blance of outline and of chipped work 

 when looked at from the flat side, but an 

 edge view would reveal the difference at 

 once. The leaf-shaped implement is 

 chipped down thin, frequently to one- 

 fourth of an inch, while the Chelleen im- 

 plement is more likely to be from 1 to If 

 inches iu thickness. A glance at the folded 

 plate at the end of Sir John Evans's An- 

 cient Stone Implements will show this 

 peculiarity. Reference is made to figs. 1,2. 

 Fig. 84 presents the same appearance 

 from a side view as the leaf-shaped. This 

 impression is erroneous. The imi)lement is not one 

 properly called leaf-shaped, and the dittereuce is re- 

 cognizable by a glance at the specimen. The leaf-shaped implements 

 proper are thin; their thickness is from one-fourth to one-fifth of their 

 width; only one of these here shown is more than one-half inch in thick- 



P^.^ 



Fig. 83. 



SWOBDOFOBSmiAN. 



Oregon. 

 Diviaiou I, leaf- 

 shaped. 15x24xf. 



Cast, Cat. No. »OU<ij, 

 U.S.X.M. 



Fig. ^2. 



SWOED OF DARK 

 BBOWN FLINT. 



^Villiamson 

 County, T e n - 

 nessee. 



Division I, leaf- 

 shaped. 22 X IJ 



xj. 



Cast, Cat. No. n-lSl, 

 U.S.N..M. 



