ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDIES IN CALIFORNIA. l78 



are on her left. Two mealing stones are seen in the foreground, which 

 combine the functions and shape of both muUer and pestle. The ends 

 are used as a pestle for pulverizing (Plate 12 </), and the slightly Hattish 

 sides are fashioned for rubbing (Plate 11). In the lower picture (Plate 

 12 h), the woman is engaged in tossing the meal in the fanning basket, 

 se])arating the husks and brushing them off at one side. The partially 

 tilled ))asket of meal is seen on her right. In the upper picture (Plate 

 13) the meal has been nearly all c^leaned up and the basket receptacle 

 is well tilled with the line flour. In the lower picture (Plate 13) a 

 curious change has come over the scene. B}' some misadventure the 

 woman became conscious of the fact that the visitors were taking her 

 picture and ceased to work, appearing frightened, for the}' all seem 

 to know what the little black kodak box means and seriously object to 

 being photographed. As a rule it was unsafe to show the camera 

 among these people, for in a moment there would be a general disap- 

 pearance and a necessarv cessation of friendly conununication and 

 trade. Behind the miller in the last picture two stone mortars may 

 ))e seen set in the ground. Formerly there was a considerable group 

 of milling stones here, but at the time of our visit the shelter had been 

 removed and the mill had apparently been for some time neglected. 



I introduce here four other pictures, illustrating successive steps in 

 the work of preparing the acorns for food. The upper view, Plate Ittrt, 

 shows the process of clearing the meal of chaff b}- tossing and blowing. 

 Plate 1-i/v is intended to illustrate the process of leaching the meal in a 

 bed of sand. The boiling in baskets is shown in Plate 15, a and h. 



The houses in this rancheria, three or four in number, are built, as 

 usual, of slab walls and clapboard roofs. The lower view, Plate 8, 

 shows one of the brush shelters or summer houses under which the 

 family sits and most of the domestic work is carried on. Here, as else- 

 where, there is a distressing admixture of tinware, ovens, etc., with the 

 native utensils. The on!}' man seen in the place was a strong, swarthy 

 individual, who took no notice whatever of the visitors, being absorbed 

 in the task of filing a crosscut saw. 



COLLECTIONS IN SAN FRANCISCO AND VICINITY. 



There are man}- collections of archsological and ethnological objects 

 in California, but altogether they inadequate!}' represent the rich field 

 so conveniently at hand. There has been little systematic collection, 

 and a splendid opportunity has been lost. The vast accumulations of 

 wealth for which the coast is noted have accrued to those who had no 

 appreciation of the native history of the coast or who lacked the public 

 spirit to endow museums. The future Californian will realize this 

 more fully and regretfully than the Californian of to-day.^ 



' Fortunately the statement here made is no longer true. Subsequent to the stereo- 

 typing of this pai)er it is announced that ]Mrs. Phoebe Hearst has provided liberally 

 for anthropological researches, to be under the direction of the University of California. 



