226 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEITM, 1900. 



'riio.so who undorstaiul the difficult ios which beset the savage artisan 

 ill niakino- a good joint will appreciate this efficient combination. 



The Twana Indians, of Washington State, make one kind of salmon 

 hook of a straight piece of steel about inches long, and sharp. On 

 each side of it pieces of bone are tied. A line is attached and also a 

 pole 15 or 20 feet long, in such a way that by means of the pole it may 

 be driven into the tish, the pole drawn out, and the hook remain, held 

 by the string, when it is drawn in.' 



They (the Twana) sometimes use harpoons for seal fishing. The 

 point is of iron, and the spear and line used as with the salmon hook 

 just described.'- 



The shaft of the Quinaielt salmon harpoon is made of cedar, the fork 

 of the wood of the salmon berry; the toggle heads of wood or metal. 



Fig. 19. 

 SALMON SPEAK. 



Quinaielt Indians, Wasiiington. 



^ CoUeoted by C. Wllloughby. 



The loop of cord, which is 16 feet long, is for the left hand. The 

 length of the spear is nearly 16 feet. This spear is used on the bar of 

 the river at low water. ^ This most interesting specimen recalls the 

 heart of Brazil. There a short piece of monkey's bone was pointed in 

 front, while nature formed the socket at the base to fit over the fore- 

 shaft. In the Quinaielt specimen the monkey bone is replaced by a 

 combination of lione and metal, the cup-shaped cavity at the base fits 

 also over the foreshaf t, but a short line or leader passes from the mid- 

 dle of the head to the fore end of the shaft. This is a full -fledged 

 toggle harpoon of a primitive type (fig. 19). 



The Indians of Neah Harl)or, says AVilkes, capture the whale with a 

 buoy made of a seal's skin, which is blown up after the manner of blad- 

 der, forming a large ol)long float. These Hoats are 4 feet long l)y 18 

 inches or 2 feet in diameter, and are made fast by a rope to the harpoon 

 or spear which is thrown at the whale, and becoming fastened to it pre- 



»M. Eells, Hayden's Bulletin, 1877, pp. 3, 68, 78, 79, 81. 



^Idein., p. 80. 



^Sniithsonian Rei)()rt, lSS(j, l*t. 1, p. 271, 1]^. 4. 



