470 KEf'ORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1900. 



art' (li|(iK'(l ainonj» tilt' lu-rrit's, aiul tlitise and the clay he rubs thorDUj^lily between 

 his haiuls in the water. He eontiuues chewing bits of flay and spitting them among 

 the l)erries, rubbing and squeezing them until by repeated tests upon the skin he 

 obtains the desired tint, which is usually a hue of lake. The mixture is now ready 

 for use, or it may lu- ilried and used at a future time by again moistening with water*' 



5. Yii hi' ha. 175()86. Hematite, with chiy. Face paint, in cere- 

 monies. This is the sacred paint of the warrior fraternity. It is often 

 found Imried with the dead in the ancient ruins. 



6. Pa I'a'tc ka. Red ocherous, earthy, hematite. 175687. 



7. () wa'iv ta la' si, " stone pollen." 175688. Yellow clay, resembling 

 in color the pollen used in ceremonies. Dr. Fewkes has stated that 

 the word for pollen, ta la si, means flower of the sun, symholizino- the 

 belief that the light of the sun is sprinkled on the earth, fructifying- it 

 as with pollen. 



8. til mi'n tcii"ka, clay. 175689. 



The name means sand}'^ clay. It is collected under the mesas. 



9. Ca' kwa, "green." Copper carbotrate, composed of malachite 

 and azurite. 175690. The Hopi collect this paint 110 miles west of 

 the reservation in Cataract Canyon. It is used for painting Pahos, 

 masks, rtgurines, etc. Frequently found in graves in the ancient 

 ruins. 



10. 8i tula. Glaul)cr salt (mirabilite). 175691. 



The name means "salt flower." Its use has not been ascertained. 



11. Sikya' pi ki, "yellow l)read." 175692. 



Sikyapiki, " brig-ht 3^ellow paint," is thus prepared ])y some old, 

 expert priest. 



A small lire is made at any convenient court nook, or on the roof of a house, and two 

 or three flat stones set on edge around it support an earthen pot of about two gallons 

 capacity, and aljout half a gallon of water is poured into it. The expert then puts 

 in a])out two ounces of Si-iifia, an impure almogen [alunogen?], rubbing it to a powder 

 between his fingers, and in the same way adds about the same quantity of ti'i-wak-ta, a 

 very fine, white, calcareous sandstone. He stirs frequently with a gourd ladle, and as 

 the mixture l)oils it foams violently, and having subsided, some more of the two sub- 

 stances is adtled, and then as mut-h of the dried flowers of the Bigelooia gnurolens as 

 can be crowded into the vessel, antl then enough water to fill it. The contents are 

 allowed to boil for aV)out half an hour, during which they are stirred as much as pos- 

 sible. A yucca sieve is placed over a large basin and the contents of the pot strained 

 through it, the flowers being squeezed dry and thrown away, and there is thus 

 obtained about two (]uarts of a dull, yellow liquid. The process just described is 

 rei)eated and the infusion is poured back into tlie pot, and as it again comes to a boil 

 more of the earthy ingredients are addtnl in small quantities from time to time. 



The tint of the licjuid is tested on the skin occasionally; should it prove too pale, 

 another vessel is jait on the fire and another infusion obtained by the prottess first 

 described, enough of which is added to the liquid in the first pot to bring it to the 

 desired tint. Should the liquid be too dark, more of the mineral substances and water 

 are added. The process occupies about four hours and the mi.vture has then boiled 

 away to about a jiint, of a bright yellow color and pasty consistency, which on drying 

 forms a hard cake. ' 



■A. M. Stephen, rigments in Ceremonials of the Hopi, p. 263. '■'Idem, p. 2(52. 



