510 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1900. 



kind of thi.s variety more commonly used as a gem includes the clear 

 cinnamon brown to a deep gold tinged with brown specimens. Its 

 hardness is 7 and its specific gravity 3.6. Grostsularite, the pale 

 green, yellow to nearly white, pale pink, reddish orange, and brown 

 kinds. Homanzovite is brown. Wlhilte is yellowish green to green- 

 ish white in color. Topazolite is topaz to citrine yellow. Succinite 

 is an amber-colored kind. 



The. principal magnesian garnet is the i^V'^op'^-, meaning "fire-like," 

 a deep blood red to nearl}" black stone, prized as a gem. It is among 

 the hardest of the garnets, ranking 7.5 in the scale. Its specific 

 gravity lies between 3.7 and 3.8. (Fig. 7.) 



The almandite, or carhuncle, and rhodolite are iron-aluminum gar- 

 nets. Almandite varies in color from cherry red, blood red to deep 



GARNET CRYSTAL AND PEBBLES OF FYKOPE. 

 Specimen No. 82575. U.S.N.M. 



red of several tints, occasionally assuming an orange hue by artificial 

 light. The color of the rhodolite lies between a violet purple and a 

 brownish red. These varieties have a hardness of about 7.5, with a 

 specific gravity seldom less than 4, and occasionally as high as -1,3. 

 Both are prized as gems. 



Sjyeiisartite is a manganese aluminum garnet, varying in specific 

 gravity from 3.7 to 4.3, and has a hardness of about 7. The color 

 varies from a reddish brown, dark hj^acinth red, sometimes with a 

 tinge of violet, to orange red. It often afi'ords fine gems. 



The calcium-iron garnet varies in specific gravity between 3.6 and 4 

 and in hardness from 5 to 7. The group includes a number of varie- 

 ties, varying widely in color and other respects, the more important 



