422 RECORD OF SCIENCE FOR 1886. 



aromatic seiies, anil first observed that certain pyridine saits act as feb 

 lil'uges; so he may he called the father of antii)yretic medicines. Of 

 tliese, kairine was discovered by Prof. O. Fischer in 1881, and its feb- 

 riliif^e properties were first noticed by Professor Filehne, of Erlaugen. 

 It is actually ethyl-tetraoxyquinoline, and has the constitution 



/CH2CH2 

 CfiHafOH) < 



^ ^\N(CH3)CH2 



H CI 



Antipyrine, the second of these febrifuges, was discovered by Dr. I^. 

 Knorr, of Erlangeu, and its physiological pro[)erties were studied by 

 Professor Filehne. It has the following constitution: 



N — N — CH, 



C6H4 C — CH3 



I I 



CO — CH2 



orCiiHi.NiO. For the preparation of these bodies and their physio- 

 logical effects, as well as for brief notices of cuuiarine and vanilline, we 

 refer to the original address. (Nature, xxxiv, pp. Ill and 133.) 



i^tatistics of the CoalTar Color Industry.— In a paper on the scientific 

 development of the coal-tar color industry, by Prof. R. Meldola, before 

 the Socii^ty of Arts, he gives some statistics showing the magnitude of 

 the industry under discussion. In Germany a factory of abuut the thir«l 

 magnitude consumes at present 500 to GOO tons of aniline i<er annum. 

 The Badische Company employ twenty-five hundred laborers and offi- 

 cials, and the Hoechst Color Works (formerly Meister, Lucius & I>riiu- 

 ing) employ sixteen hundred men and fifty-four chemists. In these 

 Lirge establishments they manufacture not only aniline, but alizarine, 

 acids, alkalies, and all the necessary chemicals. 



The probable consumption of alizarine by British dye-works in 18SG 

 amounted to 0,900 tons (of 10 per cent, paste), of which perhaps Go 

 l)er cent, was manufactured in Germany. The author points out that 

 although historically the industry is indebted to English discoveries, 

 commercially the control is leaving England for Germany. (Nature, 

 xxxiv, 324.) 



NOTES. 



(Jadolinium is the name definitely given by Marignac to the metal Ytr, 

 which he discovered in 1880. The provisional name was abandoned at 

 the suggestion of Lecoq de Boisbaudran. This is not to be coufountied 

 with the same word as used by NordenskJ01d. 



Ammonio permanganate of silver,as well as the analogous compounds 

 of copper, cadmium, nickel, zinc, and maguesium are new compounds 



