600 ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS. 



a number of hoes or spades, two of the finest of which are now in the 

 author's collection. These hoes were made from chert, probably derived 

 from the Silurian rocks of the region, which in places contain great 

 quantities of nodules of this material. The largest hoe in the writer's 

 ])ossession has been rather roughly chipped out; is 4 inches in length 

 and 2 inches in width; the lateral margins nearly straight or slightly 

 curved, the anterior end rather broadly rounded, and the posterior trunc- 

 ate. The smaller specimen is cordate in outline, 2f inches in length, 

 L'^ inches in greatest width, and abrui)tly truncate posteriorly. Grow- 

 ing on the surface near the center of the mound was an oak tree 2^ feet 

 in diameter. 



Near the last mound was another circular mound, 15 feet in diameter 

 and between 3 and 4 feet in height. Close to the center of the mound, 

 and 2J feet below its base, a single human skeleton was unearthed. 

 The body had been placed on its back with the head to the north. The 

 knees were drawn up to the breast, the elbows bent, and the hands 

 brought to the sides of the face. With the body were found large num- 

 bers of copper ornaments, which, from their position, showed that they 

 had been used as leg and arm ornaments. Judging from the structure 

 and delicacy of the bones, this body was that of a woman. Fire had 

 apparently not been used at this burial. 



On the Mississippi, 6 miles north from Glen Haven, Wisconsin, are 

 situated four or five ancient burial mounds. These mounds are com- 

 posed of sand and are from 18 to 20 feet in height and from 20 to 30 

 feet in diameter. 



Owing to the fact that the owner of the land on which two of these 

 mounds are located was unwilling that these works should be disturbed, 

 the internal structure and contents of them is unknown. One of this 

 group of mounds, partially explored by Dr. Knapp, contained large 

 quantities of human bones. 



Near Glen Haven is an interesting Indian grave. This grave is 

 located on a flat ledge of rock on the bank of the Mississippi, 50 feet 

 above the stream and at the base of the bluffs which form the valley 

 side, and which rise from 200 to 300 feet above the water in the stream. 

 A few feet from this grave a spring of water issues from the rocks. 

 The body had been placed at length in a rude box made of slabs of 

 limestone and with the head to the north and feet to the south. Over 

 this box a small earthen mound had been raised. With the body were 

 found (lying near the breast) large numbers of stone implements, as 

 axes, arrow points, skinners, pestles, etc., some of them objects of much 

 interest. One or two old pioneers of the region, who claim to have been 

 present at the burial of this Indian, assert that it was that of the half- 

 brother of Black Hawk. As to the truthfulness of this statement, 

 however, we do not vouch. 



The measurements of the mounds and their exact position relative to 

 known points given in the foregoing description may be regarded as only 

 approximate. 



