628 ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS. 



Of these Nos. 1, 2, and 3 are common to these tribes, both in manu- 

 facture and use. Nos. 2, 4, and G I have only seen among the Twauas. 

 No. 10 is made by the Quinaielt Indians, and is imported by the Twanas. 

 No. 11 is made by the Klikitat Indians, and is also imported by the 

 Twanas. I have never seen the Kliidtat baskets among the Khillams 

 or Chemakums. 



Boxes. — I have only seen two kinds of boxes which are peculiar to 

 these Indians. The water-box, which is made perfectly tight with the 

 exception of a hole in the upper part, where the water is poured in, and 

 the one from which it is poured out or drunk. The size of this is usually 

 about 8 inches square and of the same length. This and the water- 

 tight baskets are the only native water vessels, as far as I know. The 

 box has the advantage of keeping out the dust. The second kind is 

 used to keep shell money and small valuables. This consists of two 

 parts — the box proper and the cover, which fits over it to the bottom. 

 Such boxes were formerly made large enough to contain blankets. The 

 construction of both of these boxes is similar and somewhat peculiar. 

 The sides and ends are made of one board ; where the corner is to be a 

 small miter is cut, both on the inside and outside, partly through. Then 

 the corners are steamed and bent at right angles, and the inside miter 

 is cut so perfectly that it fits water-tight when the corners are bent. The 

 corner where the two ends of the board meet are then fastened with 

 wooden pegs driven in diagonally. The top and bottom of the box are 

 fiistened with pegs similarly inserted. (See Eell on the Twana Indians, 

 p. 69.) 



Dishes are used mainly for holding fish and seal oil. They are made 

 of wood, alder being preferred. One made by the Indians of British 

 Columbia, and which found its way, among the Twauas, is made of the 

 horn of the mountain sheep. There is no paint on it, but all the figures 

 are made by carving, the darker shade representing the deeper cut. 

 Some of these dishes were evidently made for holding food as well as 

 oil. The intestines of seals, deer, and some other large animals are 

 also sometimes used for holding oil. At present the Klallams chiefly 

 use them. 



The water-tight baskets already described were formerly used for 

 stone boiling. Two kinds of spits are now in use for roasting. One is 

 a simple straight stick, nearly round, half an inch or less in diameter, 

 from 1 to 2J feet long, and sharpened at both ends. By using several 

 of these, some set at right angles to the others, a salmon is stretched 

 out so as to be either dried or roasted. On a single one clams are im- 

 paled and dried, and smelt or other small fish are roiisted. The other 

 is a stick about three-fourths of an inch wide, 1\ inches thick, and 3 or 

 3i feet long, which is split for about 2 feet and then tied with grass to 

 prevent its splitting further. The three ends are sharpened. On the 

 two smaller ones the fish is fastened, and the other is stuck into the 

 ground beibre the fire. 



