METEOROLOGY AND ALLIED SUBJECTS. 233 



years of observation, nine times a day, testifies to his perseverance; 

 during- this time he and others have published numerous j^enerahzations 

 based upon these observations. He was born November 20, 1811, in 

 Hanover. {Z. 0. G. M., Vol. XV, 1880, p. 100.) 



Karl AA^eyprecht, born in Hesse-Darmstadt, 1838, died March 29, 1881. 

 Havings entered the Austrian navy, he, in the summer of 1872, undertook 

 the conduct of the Austro-Hungarian Polar expedition, and since 1875 

 devoted himself to the establishment of the scientific and meteorological 

 and magnetic investigation of the circum-polar regions which is now be- 

 ing executed by the International Polar Commission. His early death 

 unfortunately prevented his realizing the success of the work he had so 

 well planned and i)romoted. 



Prof. E. H. Sainte Claire de Ville, born March 11, 1818, at Saint 

 Thomas, in the West Indies, died July 1, 1881, at Paris. He filled the 

 chair of Professor of Chemistry at the Ecole Xormale of Paris since 

 1851, and has, during this long interval, distinguished himself in all 

 branches of chemistry. He held an imiiortant position in connection 

 with the reorganization of Fi'ench meteorology after the death of Le- 

 verrier. 



Prof. J. C. Maxwell, of Cambridge, England, born June 13, 1831, died 



• November 5, 1879. Although known especially by his contributions to 

 molecular jihysics, yet meteorologists have reason to remember his 

 "Treatise on heat," and especially the last iiaper published by him on 

 the ''Theory of the wet-bulb thermometer." 



Dr. C. C. Bruhns, born November 22, 1830, at Holst^in, died July 

 25, 1881, at Leipzic, where he was the director of observatory of the 

 university. Although devoted to astronomy, like several other astrono- 

 mers, and perhaps especially through his interest in the subject of 

 atmospheric refraction, he felt. the necessity of a better understanding 

 of the subject of meteorology, and accordingly Germany owes to him 

 the organization of its first system of ofiicial uniform meteorological 

 observations, namely, that of the state of Saxonj-, whose activity began 



• in 1803. To him is also due the suggestion and calling of the interna- 

 tional conference at Leipzic, 1872. The amiability and benevolence of 

 his character endeared him to all with whom he had to do. {Z. 0. G. 

 31., XVI, 1881, p. 489.) 



The second International Congress of Meteorologists was held at 

 Kome, April 14 to 22, 1879. All European States, including France 

 and Greece, were therein represented ; the United States representative, 

 the late General A. J. Myer, unfortunately arrived too late. A perma- 

 nent international committee was appointed who should continue in 

 power until the next congress, which will probably meet in 1883 or 1884. 



The Permanent International Committee of Meteorologists, estab- 

 lished in accordance with the decision of the congress at Kome, held 

 its first annual meeting on the 9th of May, 1880, at Berne, Switzerland. 

 It will be the province of the committee by correspondence to execute 



