414 ZOOLOGY. 



Africa. i 



Kollaufl (G.) Sur les Poissons, Crabes et MoUusques vivants,' rejet^s par les puits 

 art($siens jaillissants de I'Oued Eir* (Sahara de la province de Constautine). Qonpt. 

 rend. Acad. Sc, Paris, t. 93, pp. 1090-1093. 



PAllASITES. 



Kiichenmeister (F.) und F. A. Ziirn. Die Parasiten des Menschen. 2. Aufl. 3. Lief. 



Nematoden. lusocten. Leipzig, Abel, 1881. (8vo. M. 10.) 

 Leuckart (Rud. ) Die Parasiten des Menschen und die von ihnen herriihrenden Krank- 



heiten. 2. Aufl. 1. B.,2. Lief. Leipzig u. Heidelberg, C. F. Wiuter'sche Verlags- 



handl., 1880. (8vo, xii, pp. 337-856. M. 10.) 

 Ziirn (F. A.) Die Schmarotzer auf und in dem Korper unserer Haussiingethiere. In 



zwei Tlieilen. I. Th. Die thierischen Parasiten. 2. Aufl. Mit 4 Taf. Weimar, 



Voigt, 1882. (Nov. 1881— 8vo, xvi, 316 pp. I M. 6.) 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Aristotle on the Parts of Animals. Translated ; Tvith Introduction and Notes, by W. 



Ogle. London, Paul Kegan & Co., 1882. (8vo, 280 pp. 12s. 6d.) 

 Brandt (K.) Symbiose niederer Tiere mit Algen. Verhandl. Pkysiolog. Ge&. Berlin, 



1881. 

 Garrod,(A. H.) Collected Scientific Papers, Edited by W. A. Forbes. London, 1881. 



(8vo, 527 pp., with portr. aud pi. £1 Is.) 



MYCETOZOANS. 



Kent (W. Saville). The Mysomycetes or Mycetozoa, Animals or Plants ? Pap. Sc 

 Bev., n. 8., v. 5, pp. 97-116, pis. 3, 4, April, 1881. 



Animals or Plants? 



Among the lowly organisms whose place in the kingdoms of organic 

 nature has not even yet been certainly decided are certain forms which 

 were long regarded as gasteromycetous fungi, represented, e.^/., by ^f/irt- 

 liiim septicum, a notorious hot-house pest. Mr. M. J. Berkeley, an emi- 

 nent authority on the lower plants, in 1857, in his Introduction to 

 Cr}7:)togamic Botany, defined them as follows : 



"Whole plant at first gelatinous. Mycelium often vein-like, forming 

 reticulated or anastomosing strata, but sometimes diffuse, giving rise 

 to sessile or stipitate, free or confluent i^eridia, consisting of one or 

 more membranes, inclosing, when mature, a dry mass of threads or 

 plates and spores; at length often bursting: threads of various struct- 

 ure, sometimes containing one or more spirals." 



The forms of these groups, according to Mr. Berkeley, are remark- 

 able for " their indifference as to the matrix upon which they grow. 

 The same species may occur on plants of the most distant natural aflBn- 

 ities, and on other matrices. One species was observed by Schweinitz 

 to be developed on iron which had been heated in a forge only a few 

 hours previously. Like algse, they appear to derive their nutriment 

 from the surrounding medium, and not from the matrix to which they 

 are attached." 



