ZOOLOGY. 423 



ECHINODERMS. 



1. GENERAL. 



Morphology. 



Eomanes (G. J.) and J. C.'Ewart^ 'Locomotor syatem of Echinodermata. Nature, v. 

 2d, pp. 545-547. 



Fauna. 



Duncan (P. M.) and W. Percy Sladen. A Memoir of the Echinodermata of the Arctic 

 Sea to tlie A^est of Greenland. Loudon, Van Voorst, 1861. (fol. lOs 6 d ) 



' 2. SPECIAL ORDERS. 



Blastoidea. 



Carpenter (P. Herbert). On certain points iu the Morphology of the Blastoides. 

 Ann. Mag. Xat. Hist., (5,) v. 8, pp. 418-424. " 



Crinoidea. 



Carpenter (P. Herbert). The minute Anatomy of the Brachiate Echinoderms. Quart. 



Journ. Micr. Sc, v. 21, pp. 164-193, 2 pi. 

 Carpenter (P. H.). On two new Crinoids from the Upper Chalk of Southern Sweden. 



With 1 pi. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, v. 37, pp. 128-136. 

 Wachsmuth (Charles) and Frank Springer. Revision of the Palseocrinoidea. P. II. 



Family Sphseroidocrinidse. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phila., 1881, pp. 177-414, 3 pi. 



Echinoidea. 



BeU (F. Jeffrey). Observations on the characters of the Echinoidea. FV. The Echin- 

 ometridse : their Affinities and Systematic Position. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, 

 pp. 410-433. 



Loriol (P. de). Monographic des ^fichinoides contenus dans les couches nummulitiques 

 del'figypte. Mem. Soc. Phys. et d'Hist. Nat. de Geneve, v. 27, pp. 59-146, 2 pi. 



OpMuroidea. 



Lyman (Theodore). Tlfe stomach and genital organs of Astrophytidse. Bull. Mus. 

 Comp. Zool, V. 8, pp. 117-125, 2 pi. 



Hblothuroidea. 



Lndwig (Hub.). Revision der Mertens-Brandt'schen Holothurien. Zeitachr. f. ifi'ss. 

 Zool., V. 35, pp. 575-599. 



The star-fishes and diagnostic formulae for them. 



The genus containing the common star-fish of the coasts of the New 

 England and Middle States, has been re-examined by Prof. F. J. 

 Bell. The name Asterias is retained for the genus, and 79 species are 

 admitted as distinct. These are distributed under several successively 

 narrowed series of groups, and a peculiar diagnostic system or formula 

 is proposed to make known in terse form the various combinations of 

 characters. They are distinguished (1) by the number of rays, whether 

 live {pent act in ida) or more {heteractinidu); then (U) by the number of 



