444 ZOOLOGY. 



Meinert (Fr.). Fluernos Munddele. Trophi Dipterorum. Kjpibenliavn, Hagenip, 

 1881. (4to. 91 pp., fi pi.) 



Lepidoptera. 



Hartmanu (A.). Die Kleinsclimetterlinge cles europiiisclien Faunengebietes (Fort- 



setzung). Mittheil. Milnclien. Entomolog. Ver., 4. Jalirg., pp. 1-122. 

 Hutchinson (E. S.). On the supposed Extinction of Vanessa C-alhum. The Enfomol- 



ogist, V. 14, pp. 250-252. 

 Kayser (J. C). Deutschlands Schmetterlinge niit Beriicksichtigung siimmtlicher 



europiiischer Arten. (NeueAusg.) 2.-23. Lief. Leipzig, 1881. (8vo. pp. 17-368, 



mitje4Taf. M.l.) 

 Lang (Henry Charles). The Butterflies of Europe. Part 1. London, Reeve & Co., 



1881. (8vo. To be published in about 20 monthly parts of 16 pp. and 4 col.pl. 



each.) 

 Scudder (Sam. H.). Butterflies, their Structure, Changes and Life-Histories, with 



special reference to American Forms. Now York, H. Holt & Co., 1881. (8vo. 



322 pp.) 

 Walsingham (Lord Thomas). On some North-American Tineidi*. Proc. Zool. Soc. 



London, 1881, pp. 301-325. 



Peculiar carboniferous Myriapods. 



In 1868, Messrs. Meek and TVortlien described a peculiar spinigerous 

 Myriapod, found in ironstone nodules, occurring in the Carboniferous 

 formation of Illinois, under the name Euplioheria major. They referred 

 it to the order of Myriapods, but the condition of their specimens did 

 not enable them to satisfactorily elucidate its structure. Later, better 

 preserved specimens for that purpose were secured, and have been 

 studied by Mr. S. H. Scudder.* Some noteworthy peculiarities of struct- 

 ure were disclosed, which contrast with those of living Myriapods. In 

 the segments of the body " the dorsal plate occupies scarcely more than 

 two-thirds of the circuit of the body, or even less," and is opposed by 

 a broad ventral plate ; the dorsal plate is " not perforated for foramina 

 repugnatoria, but, as means of defense, it is armed with two or three 

 huge spines upon either side"; the ventral plates " occupy the entire 

 ventral surface," or may even extend upwards ; they are together equal 

 in length to any part of the dorsal plate, the segments of the body 

 being equal in length throughout. The legs, " instead of being inserted 

 at the extreme posterior edge of the plate, are planted almost in its very 

 center, are appreciably distant from their opposites, and are compara- 

 tively large ; they also differ from those of modern types in having the 

 second joint as long as the others combined." The stigmata are large 

 and " situated in the middle of each ventral plate." Between the coxal 

 cavities are peculiar paired organs, " situated one on either side of the 

 median line at the very front edge of every ventral i)late," thought by 

 Mr. Scudder to be " supports for branchiae." On account of such pecu- 

 liar characters or their combination, Mr. Scudder is of the opinion that 

 the Euplioheriidw should be placed " in a group apart from " the primary 

 subdivisions recognized for liying Myriapods, and has proposed to iso- 

 late them in a division co-ordinate with the Diplopoda and Chilopoda, 

 which he has named Archipolypoda. (A. J. S. (3), xxi, 182-186.) 



