5G2 ANTHROPOLOGY. 



The multiplication of -^orks on anthropology throughout the world 

 makes it absolutely impossible to even name them within the Umits of 

 this summary. It is designed to mention only works on America, works 

 by Americans, and valuable republications in America of foreign produc- 

 tions. In addition to this, the names of foreign journals, &c., containing 

 anthropologic bibliographies will be given among instrumentalities. In 

 this manner the student will have the means of compassing the whole 

 field of literature relating to the science. 



In order to render this summary more complete from year to year the 

 co-operation of all American anthropologists is earnestly solicited. 



I. — AjNfTHEOPOGENY. 



The question of man's origin is separable into several subdivisions, 

 related among themselves, but quite distinct. Among the titles quoted 

 under anthropogeny will be noted some referring to the time of man's 

 advent and its connection with geology, others dealing with the evolu- 

 tion of man and his relation to the animal kingdom. A third group 

 discuss the origin and development of parts of his organism, as the 

 brain, the soul, or the sexes. A fourth class is concerned with the bear- 

 ing of the question upon the Adamic races of Genesis. Finally, Dr. 

 Woodward, in his annual address before the Wasliington Philosophical 

 Society, examines the modern conceptions of the mechanical nature of 

 life, and puts in a plea for the existence of a vital force. The subject 

 is surrounded with so many difficulties that men of true scientific as- 

 pirations have declined to spend much time speculating about it, when 

 so much valuable material lay within their grasp untouched. 



II. — AECH^OLOGY. 



Tbt-re is not a State in our Union devoid of interest to the archceolo- 

 gist. Along the entire border touched by the salt water are the shell- 

 heaps. Inland \ij)on the Atlantic border occur stone implements as sur- 

 face finds in great variety, and rude celts are found in the river gravels. 

 Once upon the streams flowing westward into the Mississippi the stu- 

 dent of the past is among the mounds and earthworks of a higher group 

 of peoples. The same character of remains also occur in the Gulf States 

 and through the first tier west of the Mississippi Eiver. 



As yet the Plains of the Great West, the Great Interior Basin, and 

 the Sierras have yielded few evidences of ancient jjopulation, excepting 

 in the west coast shell-heaps and in the so-called relics from the aurif- 

 erous gravels of Califoniia. In New Mexico and Arizona the past is 

 continued to the present in the pueblos, clili-dwellings (both cavated 

 and walled), the deserted pueblos, and in the relics of former industry. 

 Further south there remain throughout Mexico many ruins of the former 

 populations even yet unexplored. 



It is difficult to report all that is doing for the study of every portion 

 of our Territory. The poi)ularity of archceology induces many persons 



