598 MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



former times. The author excavated it in 1877, and found it a veritable 

 mound containing fragments of human bones and of charcoal. Being 

 encased with large sandstones, and composed of stone and earth, it is 

 verj' difficult to excavate. As there has been a central depression for 

 a great many years, what remains the mound Y contained of a perish- 

 able character have probably been destroyed by the collecting of water. 

 This sitii^plso commands a fine view ot the Black Fork Valley. 



S._T1^€ settlers of 1808-'00-'10 found here a village of Delawares, 

 the remnant of a "Turtle" tribe. Their chief was a white man, taken 

 in infancy — Capt. Silas Armstrong. They removed to Piqua, Miami 

 County, Ohio, in 1812, the site of the old burying-ground, now almost 

 entirely obliterated by cultivation. It is located a few rods north 

 of the Black Fork, upon a gentle eminence, in the southwest part of 

 northeast quarter-section 18, Green Township. The southern portion 

 of the site is still in woods, and the depressions that mark the graves 

 are quite distinct. Henry Harkell and the author exhumed several of 

 the skeletons in the summer of 1876. In some cases the remains were 

 inclosed in a stone cist; in others small, rounded drift-bowlders were 

 placed in order around the skeletons. The long bones were mostly 

 well preserved. No perfect skull was obtained, nor were there any stone 

 implements found in the graves. At the foot of one a clam shell was 

 found. The graves are from 2^ to 3 feet deep, and the remains repose 

 horizontally. A few relics, such as stone axes, arrow-heads, and a few- 

 bits of copper, have been picked up in the immediate vicinity. They 

 are in the hands of the author. On the opposite side of the stream and 

 some distance below, near the south line of southeast quarter section 

 18, Green Township, there are ancient fireplaces. They are about 15 

 inches below the present surface, and are formed of bowlders regularly 

 laid. The earth is burned red. Great numbers of stones have fidleii 

 into the streams during its incursions upon the west bank. Some three 

 or four of these fireplaces are yet plainly visible, but in a few years 

 they will be swept away by the current. About half a mile east of the 

 graves marked S is a small circular earthwork almost razed. It con- 

 tained about 1^ acres, and had a gateway looking to the river, which is 

 westward. It is situated upon the nearly level bottom land of the beau- 

 tiful valley. 



T. — Upon the high ridge separating the valleys of Black Fork and 

 Honey Creek is a depression filled with large and small bowlders. J. 

 Freshwater and the author removed them to some depth, but as the 

 stones were heavy we desisted from further investigafton. This point 

 would command a view of the valley of the Black Fork, overlooking, as 

 it does, the old village of Greentowu; and by walking a few rods east- 

 ward on the same eminence a view of the valley of Honey Creek might 

 be had. Most of the trees on this height are less than 100 years old. It 

 may have been timberless during the occupation of this work. The ex- 

 cavation appears to have been about 15 feet in diameter. 



