MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 671 



Now, it may be that there is no connection whatever between the Indian 

 custom described by Champlain, as existing at the place described, and 

 the finding of the sculpture and the appearance of a large stone, sup- 

 ported on stone columns, at a place in New Brunswick. The points are 

 certainly far apart, and while in the one case there is clear evidence of 

 the common custom, there is in the other barely sufficient evidence to 

 justify the supj)osition that there may be a single instance of the adop- 

 tion of the custom. The Magaguadavic Indians indeed have a tradition 

 that they were driven from some distant part of Canada to the seaboard, 

 but if this were established as a fact, it would scarcely aid in the elucida- 

 tion of this matter. Two conjectures may be made, however, either of 

 which if correct might account for the supposed existence of an Ottawa 

 custom in New Brunswick. An Indian might have been captured, or 

 might have been expelled by his brethren on the Lower Lake des Allu- 

 mettes, and been carried, or have found his way, to the maritime province. 

 Or, a young Milicetes might have been carried away by the Ottawas, and 

 have escaped to his old home. In the one case the prisoner would nat- 

 urally wish to secure for his burial place the monuments which had orna- 

 mented the graves of his fathers, and might have succeeded in securing 

 the aid of his captors in the accomplishment of his object. In the other 

 the escaped captive might well desire to adopt the arts of his former 

 masters, and wish to take his last rest beneath a monument with his 

 effigy at its head. The use of a large stone instead of a wooden tablet 

 scarcely deserves comment, for the change of material would in no sense 

 interfere with the object in view, but on the contrary would render the 

 monument more deserving of the. name. 



I think that a careful or even superficial examination of the carving 

 must impress the observer with the idea that it is intended to repre- 

 sent the face of an Indian, and the head, although viewed only laterally, 

 certainlj^ presents many of the peculiarities of the North American type. 

 Of course the examiner is placed at a great disadvantage in having 

 only a profile, and not a completely developed head, as for ethnological 

 purposes craniology is chiefly available when an opportunity is given 

 to measure the comparative breadth from the petrous portion of the 

 right, to the petrous portion of the left temporal bone, or to measure 

 from and to the parts of a carved head representing these portions. 

 There is a portrait of a Magaguadavic Indian by Mr. C. Ward, of St. 

 George, which is considered to present some points of resemblance to 

 the head in discussion, which may be found in the Illustrated London 

 News of the 5th of September, 1863, No. 1220. The fashion of wearing 

 the hair as represented by the carving is perhaps somewhat calculated 

 to puzzle the investigator, but there is scarcely anything sufficiently 

 definite in the delineation to enable one to trace an analogy to either 

 Indian or European fashions. It may be noticed that some have ex- 

 pressed an opinion that a wig was intended to be represented. 



