682 MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



small canals. Sculptures of this class occur from Bolivia to Columbia. 

 Lower down, at Samiapata, are niches cut in the rock, and buried near 

 them are inscribed stones. Similar ones, and less elevated, where the 

 Cordilleras separate the territory of Chaco from Chiriquanes, occur in a 

 real des*ert, and being on a declivity, have escaped the alluvial burial of 

 the first. Inscribed on the stones found at Chaco and Samiapata and 

 those of the niches are the same persons, figures and paintings as those 

 on the murals of Palenque. 



Graham, N. B., writes that there is a mound four miles south of 

 England's Point post-office, Cherokee County, Xorth Carolina, on the 

 farm of Jesse Raper. It is the only mound within ten miles, is circular 

 in ground plan, 120 feet in base diameter, and 90 feet apex diameter. 

 It is composed of alternate layers of burnt clay, ashes, and soil. 



Harlan, Calvin S., describes a cave in a rocky hillside, four miles 

 from Ellora, Baltimore County, Maryland, known as the Old Indian 

 Oave. It extends into the hill about 36 feet. Around the entrance are 

 ashes and charcoal, which are also mingled with the earth about the 

 floor ; oyster shells, some of which show the action of fire, occur in the 

 debris. Arrow-heads are also reported to have been found. 



About one and a half miles from Sweet Air, in the same county, are 

 the remains of an old Indian trail, leading from the Rocks of Deer Creek, 

 in Harford County, a seat of the Susquehannocks, to a settlement south 

 of Sweet Air post-office, at which spot arrow and spear heads have 

 been found, together with several axes. 



Other localities in the vicinity of Sweet Air have been mentioned 

 where chij^ped stone implements occur. 



HoMSHER, G. W., Fairfield, Indiana, writes to the Institution that he 

 is preparing maps and sketches of the mounds, circles, implements, &c., 

 of Franklin County, in that State. 



Kales, J. W., sends the following report : Along the east shore of 

 Cayuga Lake, New York, occur many relics of aboriginal populations. 

 On the beach are found multitudes of notched sinkers. On the points 

 these relics are most numerous. Several burial places have been dis- 

 covered ; one of them is on a small island opposite the village of Union 

 Springs. The skeletons rest on a substratum of rock, about 2 feet be- 

 low the surface. A large number of skeletons were unearthed about 

 one mile north of Union Springs and 200 feet from the lake. They were 

 promiscuously buried in a pit under about 2 feet of tine black earth, 

 those of men, women, and children being intermingled. The skeletons 

 of males indicated men of large size and great strength. No relics oc- 

 curred in the pit. 



Luther, S. N., writes to the Institution with reference to the former 

 use of manganese as a degraissant in the manufacture of Indian pottery, 



