SECTION OF NAVAL ARCHITECTURE. 101 



ranjjeiiHMit of the interior, siuli as the forecastle, cook's ])antry and store-rooui, ice- 

 houses for the refrigemtion of fisJi, bait, «tc., the stowaf^o of liallast, cabin, gear-room, 

 &c. The ice-lumse is built in the style whieli has been most comnionly adopted on 

 vessels employed in the frosh-halibut fishery or the winter haddock fishery, and with 

 the exception that on some of the vessels the ice-house is divided into two sections — 

 the "forward" and "after" ice-houses — bj' a bulkliead just abaft the mainmast, few, 

 if any, differ from this. Comparatively few American schooners carry any other than 

 stone ballast, and such is shown, though a few, especially those of smaller size, have 

 some — that which is stowed each side of the keelson — iron ballast, and in excep- 

 tional cases a vessel may be wholly ballasted with iron. The forecastle, which is the 

 sleeping apartment for a i)ortion of the crew and for the cook, and the place where 

 the cooking is done, and where the entire crew, including the captain, oat their meals, 

 is finished in pine, painted and grained. Lockers run around both sides, and serve 

 the double purpose of seats for the men and stowage for vegetables, &c. The cooking- 

 stove sits on a platform, raised about 4 to G inches above the floor, at the after end of 

 the forecastle on the starboard side. There are three lengths of sleeping berths (five 

 berths only of which are usually occupied) on the port side, and two lengths on the 

 starboard side, though it rarely happens that they arc all filled. Besides these there 

 are two more berths on the starboard side, aft of the "dish-closet" (which is at the 

 side about abreast of the forem.ast), that are used by the cook for the storage of small 

 stores and other material which he uses. At the after end of the forecastle, on the 

 port side, is a small upright closet with shelves where the cook keeps a supply of eat- 

 ables, which the fishermen have access to at all hours of the day and night; this is 

 called the "grub-locker." Near this is the door leading into the forehold, where are 

 the cook's pantry on the ]iort side, and the coal-pen on the starboard side, and where 

 also is stowed a supply of wood, flour, beef, pork, &c. Beneath the floor of the pantry, 

 at least in part, are the water-casks, each holding about 250 to 400 gallons, these being 

 supplemented by a greater or less number of barrels filled wnth water, which are also 

 stowed in the forehold. In the pantry the cook prepares the food for cooking, and 

 this apartment is often ])aiBted in a neat and tasty manner. The ice-honse is sep- 

 arated from the pantry by a double bulkhead of matched boards with tarred paper 

 between. The platform of the ice-house is usually made of spruce or pine planks 2 

 inches in thickness, these being laid on sleepers of 3 by 4 scantling, which are fitted 

 in their proper places, well secured, and also supported in the middle before the ballast 

 is put on board. The platform is held securely in place by the stanchions which form 

 the framework of the pens or sections into which the ice-house is divided. Each pen 

 is separated from the next by a single partition of one-inch boards. A portion of the 

 front of each side pen is tightly closed up from the floor to the deck, while the re- 

 maiuder is adjustable, a number of " pen-boards" being cut of suitable lengths so that 

 by sliding in grooves in the upright stanchions they may be put in or removed as oc- 

 casion demands. The pens on the sides are called "wing-pens," while those in the 

 center aisle are known as "slaughter-house pens," the one, however, which is directly 

 under either the main or after hatch having the name of "slaughter-house." The 

 cabin is finished with hard wood, usually black walnut and ash; it has four berths, 

 the forw!»rd one of which on the starboard side is occupied by the captain, while the 

 others are taken by such members of the crew as may secure them by lot, since there 

 are no under officers to claim them by right. Beneath the cabin floor, in which there 

 is a small trap-door, a supply of coal for the cabin stove is carried. Aft of the cabin, 

 in the extreme stern, is a rough, unfinished apartment, where such materials as spare 

 fishing-gear, light sails, cordage, blocks, &c., are stowed. The larger mass of fishing- 

 gear, which is very bulky, is stowed in the ice-honse when the vessel is making pas- 

 sages. The particular schooner which this model represents was built by Messrs. 

 Bishop & Murphy, of Gloucester, Mass., and launched in February, 1883. She has been 

 employed in the winter haddock fishery, carrying her catch fresh to market, a distance 

 varying from 150 to 300 miles. She is about 82 tons register (135 tons builder's meas- 



