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REPORT OF DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGY. 265 



benches, inclndinj]: the 12-foot bench and tlie leg-breaker, and a pile of 

 " gob." (59000.) 



The same breast as 59006, with a miner at work, with a hand-drill or 

 coal-anger by the light of the safety-lamp, various tools being grouped 

 about him. (59008.) 



Robbing the mine. Two men at work with the ordinary miner's lamp, 

 one with pick and the other with shovel, a pillar of coal on the right. 

 (59007.) 



A view of the entrance to the breast, taken from the face, rei>resent- 

 ing the manner of propping the gangway, and showing the mule-track, 

 a pile of gob, and discarded props on the right. (59009.) 



A view of the electric plant used in taking the photographs. (59010.) 



Photographs of mine locomotives were obtained from the Wyoming 

 Valley Manufacturing Company, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. , and two photogi a])hs 

 of a fan and fan-house for mine ventilation from the Vulcan Iron Works 

 of the same place. In this series the engines used for both inside and 

 outside mine service are fully illustrated. One of the originals is used 

 at Arnot, Pa. (inside), and another at the Katon mines. New Mexico 

 (inside), and the third at Nanticote, Pa. (outside). A photogra])h of 

 the Harrison mining machine, with a miner in position for cutting coal, 

 was presented by Mr. George D. Whitcomb, Chicago, 111. A photo- 

 graph of an apparatus for the inside haulage of coal by the tail rope or 

 endless-rope system, showing double engines of 100 horse power and 

 drum, was presented by Mr. Thomas E. Knauss, superintendent of the 

 Kelsonville Foundry, Nelsonville, Ohio. This machinery, together with 

 the photographs of the mine locomotives, fully illustrates the improved 

 mechanical devices for both the excavation and the haulage of coal. 

 Mr. George M. Bretz, photographer, of Pottsville, Pa., who made all the 

 negatives in the collection illustrative of typical mining scenes both 

 above and below ground in the anthracite regions, has sent several 

 large photographs of representative breakers in the Shenandoah dis- 

 trict and one photograi)h of the Mahanoy plane. This series includes 

 the William Penu colliery breaker, the Lost Creek colliery breaker, and 

 the Kohinoor breaker. Mahanoy plane is about half a mile long and 

 about 16,000 tons have been hoisted over it in one day. Mr. Thomas 

 Hodgson, of Buffalo, N. Y., has coutnhuted two large photographs, 

 illustrative of the transfer of anthracite coal to the Great Lakes for 

 western shipment; one i)ictnre rei)resents the land view, and shows the 

 manner of discharging coal from the railroad cars into the pockets, and 

 the other the water view, and the manner of loading vessels. 



]\Ir. C. A. Ashburner, in charge of the survey of the anthracite-coal 

 fields of Pennsylvania, contributed three enlarged charts, illustrating 

 (1) the Panther Creek Coal Basin; (2) cross and columnar sections of 

 the same, and (3) the Wyoming Valley in the vicinity of Wilkes liarre. 

 Mr. J. Raymond Claghorn, of Philadelphia, i)resident of the State Line 

 and Sullivan Railroad Company, contributed a toi)Ograi)hical map of 



