LISTS OF SPECIMENS DISTRIBUTED. 



281 



Labels von Casts of Pkehistokic Implements Distkihuted by the Smith- 

 sonian Institution on Behalf of the National Museum. 



[Prepared uiuler the airection of Dr. Thomas Wilson, Curator Departmeut of Prehistoric 



Authropology.] 



PALEOLITHIC AGE, EUKOPE. 



Drift period (Sir John Lubbock, Mr. John Evan.sj- 

 Cave Bear jieriod (Lartet); Clielleeu epoch (de 

 Mortillet) ; Alluvium (Solomon Reinach). 



The.se implements are the earlie.st known to 

 have been made by man. They are distributed 

 in almost every quarter of the globe. They are 

 found on the surface on hills and high tablelands, 

 but mostly in the gravels of the river valleys, 

 and conse(]uently are believed to be of the same 

 age. They are found associated with the i-emains 

 of the extinct fauna of the Quaternary period 

 and were contemporaneoiLs therewith. The char- 

 acteristic of the industry of this age is, that all 

 the .stone impU'ments were made by chipping or 

 flaking. Man knew not that rubbing one stone 

 against another would sharpen or polish it. 



Refer for description and bibliography to "A 

 Study of Prehistoric Anthropology; Handbook 

 for Beginners," ReportNational Museum, 1887-88, 

 pp. 599-61;!, pi. LXXXVII. 



Chelleen Implement.— Flint. 

 From the river gravels of the Little Ouse, 



Norfolk, England. 

 Original, No. 974.5, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum; collected by Mr. John Evans; 

 presented by Sir William Blackmore. 



Chelleen Implement.— Flint. 

 From the gravels of the River Somme, St. 



Acheul, France. 

 Original, No. 14G623, in U. S. Kational 

 Museum; collected by Monsieur Ed. 

 d'Acy, Paris; depo.sited by Thomas 

 Wilson. 



CHELLiiEN Implement. — Quartzite. 

 From a paleolithic workshop, Boia du 



Roc her, Brittany, France. 



Original, No. 99531, in U. S. National 



Museum ; collected by Judge E. For- 



nier, Rennes; deposited Uj' Thomas 



Wilson. 



PALEOLITHIC AGE, UNITED STATES. 



Implements similar in form, style, and mode of 

 manufacturo to those from other countries have 

 been found in the United States, and they s(^em to 

 indicate a similar stage of culture, though tho 

 contemporaneity of neithp.r the implements nor 

 the stages of culture to which they belonged 

 has yet been established so as to be universally 

 accejited ; nor has the relationship of tlie men 



who made or used them on the two hemispheres 

 been established. Yet the fact is undoubted that 

 the implemenls are i)ractically the same. These 

 implements have been found to the number of 

 several hundred by Dr. Abbott in the gravels of 

 the Delaware River, as they were washed from 

 the glacial terminal moraine and deposited at 

 Trenton, N. J. ; by Miss Franc E. Babbitt, in the 

 gravels of one of the terraces of the Mississippi 

 River, at Little Falls, Minn.; by Dr. C. L. Metz, 

 in the gravels of tho Little Miami River at Love- 

 land, Ohio; by Dr. Hilborne T. Cresson, at White 

 River, Indiana, and in the Columbia gravels of 

 the railway cuts south of Chester, Pa. The asso- 

 ciation and condition of these finds would seem 

 to establish the anti(juity of man's occupation in 

 this country, and its contemporaneity with tho 

 glacial epoch at least on the Atlantic Coast. Sim- 

 ilar implemenls have been discovered on the sur- 

 face in almost every State. ("A Study of Prehis- 

 toric Anthropology; Handbook for Beginners," 

 Report National Museum, 1887-88, pp. (529-636, 

 flgs. 1-9; " Results of an Inquiry as to the Exist- 

 ence of Man iu North America," ibid., p. 677.) 



Paleolithic Implement. — Quartzite. 

 Mount Vernon, Ya. 

 Original, No. 1073, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum ; loan collection of N. S. Way. 



Paleolithic Implement. — Quartzite. 

 Mount Yernon, Ya. 

 Original, No. 1073 a, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum; loan collection of N. S. Way. 



STONE PICK OR AX. 



These implements are found associated with, 

 andundoubtedly were used in the manufacture of, 

 aboriginal steatite vessels. The material differs 

 according to locality, impure serpentine (Rhode 

 Island), trap (Pennsylvania), quartz and quartz- 

 ite (Maryland and Virginia) being the most com- 

 mon. 



Pick or Ax. — Used in making steatite 



vessels. Trap. 



Fremont, Pa. 



Original, No. 35487, in U. S. National 



Muiseum; collected by Isaac S. Kirk. 



HAMMER AND PITTED STONES. 



Tho largest number of this class are Hat or oval 

 pebbles of quartzite, etc., which liavo been used 

 by holding iu the hand. The broken corners and 

 edges, pecked and roughened by numberless 

 strokes, are the only evidence of their use. Many 



