284 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1895. 



Copper Hatchht. 



Chattanooga, Teiin, 



Cast, iSTo. .^0•J56, in U. S. National Museum ; 



original collected by Gon. J. T. Wihler. 



GOUGES. 



These are similar to the polished stone hatchets 

 in matei-ial, mode of manufacture, and in every 

 way except their gouge form. They were prob- 

 ably handled aiul used in the same manner. They 

 are more plentiful in, if not conlined to, the 

 Atlantic States. Tho.seof the southern coast and 

 the West Indies are of shell. They occur in 

 Europe, especially in Scandinavia. (Handbook, 

 p. 646, tig. 21.) 



Gouge. 



Salisbury, Mass. 



Cast, No. 13165. inU. S. National Museum; 



original collected by H. G. Leslie. 



Gouge.— Black slate. 



Onondaga County, N. T. 



Cast, No 32286, in U. S. National Museum ; 



original collected by Otis M.Bigelow. 



Gouge —Trap rock. 



Onondaga County, N. Y. 



Cast, No. 32304, in U. S. National Museum ; 



original collected by Otis M. Bigelow. 



Gouge. — Porphyritic greenstone. 

 Harpswell, Me. 

 Original, No. 12294, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum; collected by Dr. E. Palmer. 



Gouge. —Sandstone. 

 Middleboro, Mass. 

 Original, No. 6495, in V. S. National Mu- 

 seum; collected by J. W. P. Jenks. 



Gouge.— Syenite. 



Fremont, Ohio. 



Cast, No. 35622, in U. S. National Museum ; 

 original collected by Lewis Leppelman. 



Gouge —Sandstone. 



Cayuga Cou^nty, N Y. 



Cast, No. 32287, in U. S. National Museum ; 



original collected by Otis M. Bigelow. 



ADZES. 



These are, apparently, only a variation in form 

 and use from the polished stone hatcliet and 

 gouge. They are more rare. Tlieir distribution 

 in the United States seems to be limited to the 

 northeast Atlantic ai:d the northwest Pacific 

 coasts, but they have been found in other parts of 

 the prehistoric world. Tlieir mode of liafting is 

 shown in fig. 21, Noa. 70 and 71. (Handbook, p. 

 646.) 



Adze. 

 British Columbia. 

 Original, No. 9791, in TT. S. National Jtlu- 

 seuni ; collected uy Lieut. F. W. Ring, 

 U.S.A. 



Adze. 

 Lyme, Conn. 



('a.st, No. 21892, in U. S. Xntional i^Iu.seum ; 

 orii;inal collected by Tj. G. Olmstead. 



Adze. 

 Middletown, Conn. 

 Original, No. 34275, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum; collected by A.R.Crittenden. 



Adze. 



Hobart, Ind. 



Cast, No. 45743, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum; original collected by W. W. (!heshire. 



Adze. — Granite. This implement, from 

 its form, might pass for an adze, but 

 other uses might he indicated ; they 

 may have been bark jjcelers. 

 Casey County, Ky. 



Original, No. 97322, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum; collected by A. Fairhur.st. 



POLISHED SPEARHEADS OR KNIVES. 



These are mostly made of slate, and occur often- 

 est in the northern regions of America (Alaska, 

 etc.), but quite a number have been found in 

 Maine and New York. 



Polished Si'earhead or Knife.— Black 

 slate. 

 Onondaga County, N. Y. 

 Cast, No. 32295, in U. S. National Mu- 

 seum : collected by Otis M. Bigelow. 



Polished Spearhead or Knike.— Black 

 slate. 



Union Springs, N. Y. 



Cast, No. 32639, in U. S. Nation;il :Mu- 



seum original ; collected by Otis M. Bigelow. 



PERFORATORS. 



This name has been given to a class of chipped 

 objects which indicate by their form a possibility 

 of being used as such. There is hardly enough 

 evidence, however, in their appearance to war- 

 rant this conclusion. Many of the points are 

 slightly broken, and in a few instances the edges 

 are smoothed; but nearly all are in their original 

 condition and show no signs of use. A member 

 of the Sioux Indian delegation at Washington, in 

 January, 1890, pronounced many of them to be 

 ornaments worn suspended from the neck. A 

 Mohawk Indian declared them to he amulets or 

 charms. (Handbook, p. 643, flg. 18.) 



