592 REPORT OF NATIONAL MTTSEUM, 1895. 



other lia'mats'a, wlio is going to come back to ns today. That is all. 

 These are the rules of G-r''xdEn, who came down i'rom heaven. My 

 grandiather was of the blood of tx-e^xdEii, according- to tlie tradition. 

 Be very careful, for the Kwakiutl tribes will watch us closely. They 

 will try to lind fault with our laws, for they have ways of their own 

 which differ widely from ours. They have no winter ceremonial of 

 their own, aud they will try to learn from us. I am not ashamed to show 

 our winter ceremonial, for it is derived from tradition. That is all." 



With this he sat down and A'Labala arose. He said: '^O Koskimo! 

 you have heard the rules of our grandfathers. Try to remember them, 

 and do not forget what our chief has said, for he might die and 1 

 might die as well, and then one of you must take my place. That is 

 all, my grandchildren." 



Next La/gulag-ilis, the chief of the paiutiug, arose and said: To'qoa- 

 malis, it is true what you said. We have traditions which teach us 

 our laws. We are not like our rivals, the Kwakiutl. I tried to dis- 

 cover the origin of their names which they use in the winter ceremo- 

 nial, but no one could tell me, for they have no traditions. Therefore 

 you, Jvoskimo, my tribe, may laugh at the little Kwakiutl; for each of 

 our clans has a tradition, or even two, and we may justly be proud 

 of it. Look at me and my name. According to the tradition that was 

 told me by my grandfather, the tirst La'gulag'ilis was the chief of the 

 paintings for the winter ceremonial. That is now my name. It 

 belongs to the tradition of my clan, the G-e/xsEm. And my name has 

 existed from the beginning of the world. When the Kwakintl desire 

 to discover the true history of our ceremonials, tell them the tradition 

 of (x-e/xdEn, for our chief, T'o'kuiL, is giving his winter ceremonial. 

 Now take care, my tribe. You are aware that I am the chief of the 

 paintings and of the ornaments of the que'qutsa. We are all pre- 

 pared now, for we are painted with charcoal that we obtained from 

 Ya/xstaL, according to the legend of the Naqo'mg-ilisala. You know 

 how he obtained the tire of death from the wolves at -t)ayaiL. Yon 

 also remember how he burnt his enemies to ashes and transformed 

 them into stone by means of his tire of death. Our paint is that of 

 Ya'xstaL, therefore we use only black paint and no red paint. The 

 other tribes use very little charcoal and much red paint, because they 

 have no traditions to guide them. I do not allow any red paint to be 

 used in the winter ceremonial, because our traditions do not say any- 

 thing about the use of red paint. Only the clan NaE'nsx-a are allowed 

 to use red paint, for their chief, Nena'laats'eqa, used red i)aint in the 

 dance no'uLEm, to indicate the blood of the tribes whom he had 

 killed. Therefore they use no charcoal, but red paint only. They 

 also use white paint in the no'uLEm dance, because Nena'laats'eqa 

 brought this ceremonial down from heaven, and the white paint sym- 

 bolizes the white clouds. All our ceremonials are founded on tradi- 

 tions which our ancestors were careful to preserve. Now I have 

 tinished my speech." (See p. 410 and tigs. 129-133, pp. 484-486.) 



