THE KWAKIUTL INDIANS. 595 



was going to buy a copper. A number of speeches were made, and a 

 woman danced for Wfi'las, for whom the people sang- a song of joy. 

 During the feast that followed this purchase, the ha'mats'as of tlie 

 Koskimo sat on a platform with blackened faces, behind the que'qutsa. 

 (Plate 40). 



The members of the seal society of the Kwakiutl were still confined 

 to the dancing house, but every now and then they rushed out of it and 

 knocked the people down. The ha'mats'as hit them, and they broke 

 canoes, dishes, and other things. 



In the evening the Koskimo had their t'E'msEla. When the four 

 messengers were sent out to invite the people, the host blew four times 

 upon them, and their head rings were strewn with down. At this time 

 the hfi'mats'a rushed out of his secret room, ran around the tire, and 

 out of the door. As soon as he appeared, all the people who hap- 

 pened to be in the house took up sticks, or whatever they could lay 

 their hands on, and beat time rapidly. In the evening the people 

 assembled. The Kwakiutl and XaAf oaqtoq took up the front corners. 



<1 q q 

 q q 



q b b q 



q b b (^ 



q b a a b q 



qqqqqqqqqq qqqqqqqqqq 



q c c c c q 



q q 



q q 



Order of procession : (a) The novices; (b) the old. ha'mats'as; (c) the ma'niaq'as; ((/) the speakers; 

 (m) the maa'myaauk" ; (q) the que'qutsa; (s) the singing masters. 



When all were assembled, the speakers of the Koskimo came in, 

 their faces blackened. They were followed by a man carrying a ring- 

 to which many small horns were attached. As soon as they entered, 

 the people beat time and sang while thej^ were going to the rear of 

 the house. Then the man who carried the ring went to the rear of the 

 house singing- and beating time for himself. Another person, who 

 held two lances wound with cedar bark, made a speech, which was fol- 

 lowed by another song of the man wearing the head ring. After this 

 the speaker took off the head ring and explained the meaning of the 

 horns. He said: " These seven horns have been put on to the ring by 

 BaxbakualauuXsi'wae. They belong to the ring of No'aqala, the 

 ha/mats'a. He obtained it from G-e'xdEn. He had two neck rings 

 which were held by the k-i'uqalaLala of BaxbakurilanuXsT'wac. The 

 white rings which are fastened to his hemlock rings are the stars and 

 the one in front is the sun. The red lines on his cheek are the blood 



